Language and Gender

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  • Created by: Kathryn
  • Created on: 22-04-13 18:49
What did Coates 1993 find were the key differences between male and female speech?
1) Topic Choice - Men:impersonal 2)Dominance - Males:Hold floor for longer -pretending to be an expert. 3)Rapid Fire - Males sometimes exchange comments in a short, snappy style 4) No overlaps:Men prefer to talk one at a time
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What's the main study about interruptions by males in mixed-sex conversations?
Zimmerman and West (1975) - Males are more dominant as they interrupt more. Women have restricted linguistic freedom and men sought to impose their dominant status through linguistic constraints.
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What study tackled women's inferior status through language and what are there typical characteristics?
Robin Lackoff (1975) Characteristics include: Indirect requests, Intensifiers, Empty modifiers, Tag Q's, Weak expletive terms, hedging, direct quotes
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What did Tannen (1989) state about the differences in male and females conversational styles?
Men: Concerned with status and independence, Give direct orders and don't mind conflict, interested in gaining factual information Women: Interested in forming bond, give polite indirect orders to avoid conflict,aim to show understanding and sympathy
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What year was Trudgill and what did she study?
1983 --> She studied social class accents - found woment more likely to use Standard English.
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Adjacency pairs
Two utterances by different speakers that link to one another - complete an idea. E.g 'how are you?' 'I'm fine'.
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What are non-fluency features?
Not whole words but noises and sounds which express engagement with the topic. Can also be pauses.
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Topic shift?
An utterance that changes the topic of a conversation.
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Back channelling?
Non-fluency feature- 'mmm'
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Tag questions?
Comments at the end of a sentence - Lackoff stated women use them - looking for encouragement
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Diminutive terms?
Women have a tendancy to use them more e.g. sweetheart and darling.
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Card 2

Front

What's the main study about interruptions by males in mixed-sex conversations?

Back

Zimmerman and West (1975) - Males are more dominant as they interrupt more. Women have restricted linguistic freedom and men sought to impose their dominant status through linguistic constraints.

Card 3

Front

What study tackled women's inferior status through language and what are there typical characteristics?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did Tannen (1989) state about the differences in male and females conversational styles?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What year was Trudgill and what did she study?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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