omission of the 't' in the middle of a word. E.g. better (this is an intervocalic construction- the centre of the word is phonetically omitted). This has historically been more of a feature of southern towns than nothern towns according to Trudgill
1 of 22
Received pronunication
usually said to be the accent which has the highest status in England
2 of 22
Social mobility
this is a phrase that was used to describe a person's move from one social class to another. E.g. by changing jobs and getting married
3 of 22
Stereotype
a stereotype is based on the idea that whole groups of people conform to the same, limited, range of characteristics
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Prescriptive attitude
a prescriptive attitude towards language states that features are absolutely right or wrong, regardless of context or actual usage. This form had prestige in the mid 1800's and early 1900's
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Discriptive approach
a discriptive approach is the belief that langauge is neither 'good' or 'bad' but rather what is appropriate for the context. Descriptivists take their views from observing what people do rather than opposing rules
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Labiodental
(r) into (v) e.g. brother
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Lexical variable
two ways of saying something
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Code switching
the ability of multi-lingual people to switch between different accents
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Shibboleth
a lnaguage item used as a marker or test in group membership
10 of 22
Levelling
the reduction of regionally or socially marked forms
11 of 22
IPA
Internal Phonetic Alphabet
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Dipthong
two letters used together to create a sound 'th' 'ch' 'ae'. In think the dipthong 'th' is often pronounced 'f'. This tends to often be more idiosyncratic rather than dialectal
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Phonological variable
two different ways of pronouncing something, e.g. a vowel, consonant, dipthong
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Prosodics
this is about the soundtrack behind words, e.g. the rhythm, the pitch, the volume, the intonation
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Glottaling
omission of the 't' in some accents due to closure of vocal chords, e.g. daughter
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Linguistic accomodation
when speakers' accent and dialect becomes more like the people they are with
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Idiomatic phrases
a phrase that has an accepted and known meaning that is different from the dicitonary defintion of each word, e.g. he's part of the furniture/ you've hit the nail on the head
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Paralanguage
this is other vocal effects, e.g. whispering/laughing and non verbal behaviour such as eye contact, body and facial language
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Elision
elision or omission of sounds in a word
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Hierarchical geographical difussion
the process by which dialectal features travel down from an urban centre to a smaller town
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Non prestige variants
often called 'low English' and is often frequent in a rather low type of Cockney English (cited in Beal 1999)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
usually said to be the accent which has the highest status in England
Back
Received pronunication
Card 3
Front
this is a phrase that was used to describe a person's move from one social class to another. E.g. by changing jobs and getting married
Back
Card 4
Front
a stereotype is based on the idea that whole groups of people conform to the same, limited, range of characteristics
Back
Card 5
Front
a prescriptive attitude towards language states that features are absolutely right or wrong, regardless of context or actual usage. This form had prestige in the mid 1800's and early 1900's
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