English language- grammar

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  • Created by: Fran19
  • Created on: 25-09-17 17:09
What are the eight main word classes?
Nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions and determiners
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What is syntax?
The set of rules that control where each word class can appear in a sentence
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What are the two main categories of nouns?
Proper nouns and common nouns
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What are the subcategories of common nouns?
Concrete, abstract and collective
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What is the difference between count nouns and mass nouns?
Count nouns can be counted, e.g. brick. Whereas mass nouns don't have a plural, e.g. information
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What are pre-modifying adjectives called?
Attributives
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What are post-modifying adjectives called?
Predicatives
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What are comparative adjectives?
When an -er is added
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What are superlative adjectives?
When as -est is added
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What are the two main categories of verbs?
Main verbs and auxiliary verbs
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What are the subcategories of auxiliary verbs?
Primary auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries
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What are the three primary auxiliaries?
Do, am & have
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What are the nine modal auxiliaries?
Can, could, will, would, must, may, might, shall & should
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What are the three tenses?
Past, present and future
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What is the active voice?
When the subject is the focus
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What is the passive voice?
When the object is the focus
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What are the two types of aspect?
Progressive and perfect
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What is the progressive aspect?
Refers to actions that don't have a definite end
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What is the perfect aspect?
Tells you about actions that have a definite end
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What are the subcategories of adverbs?
Manner, place, time, duration, frequency and degree
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What are adverbs of manner?
How something is done, e.g. incessantly
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What are adverbs of place?
Where something is happening, e.g. here
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What are adverbs of time?
When something is happening, e.g. tomorrow
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What are adverbs of duration?
How long something happens for, e.g. temporarily
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What are adverbs of frequency?
How often something takes place, e.g. sometimes
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What are adverbs of degree?
The extent to which something is done, e.g. completely
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What are personal pronouns classified in terms of?
Person and are either singular or plural
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What are the subcategories of determiners?
Articles, numerals, possessives, quantifiers and demonstratives
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What does a definite article indicate?
Something specific
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What does an indefinite article indicate?
Something general
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What do prepositions show the relationship between?
Space, time and direction
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What are the two types of conjunction?
Coordinating conjunctions and subordinating conjunctions
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What are coordinating conjunctions?
Words such as and, but & or
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What are subordinating conjunctions?
Words such as since, although, because, unless, whether and whereas
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What are the four main types of clause?
Main, coordinate, subordinate and combining
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What are main clauses?
Independent clauses that can stand alone and still make sense
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What are coordinate clauses?
Clauses which occur in sentences where there are two or more independent clauses. They are joined together by a coordinating conjunction
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What are subordinate clauses?
Clauses which can't stand alone and have to be with a main clause. They give extra information about the main clause and are usually joined by a subordinating conjunction
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What are combining clauses?
Where coordinate and subordinate clauses are combined in the same sentence
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What are the five sentence types?
Minor, simple, compound, complex and compound-complex
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What is a minor sentence?
Complete and meaningful statements that don't have a subject or verb combination, e.g. goodbye
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What is a simple sentence?
A sentence which must have a subject and verb which should express complete thought, e.g. the snow falls
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What is a compound sentence?
An independent clause linked to another independent clause by a coordinating conjunction
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What is a complex sentence?
A main clause and a subordinate clause connected by a subordinating conjunction
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What is a compound-complex sentence?
A sentence made up of at least two coordinate clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction and at least on subordinate clause
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What are the four sentence functions?
Declaratives, imperatives, interrogatives and exclamatives
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What are declaratives?
Sentences which give information
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What are imperatives?
Sentences which give orders, instructions, advice and directions
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What are interrogatives?
Sentences that ask questions
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What are exclamatives?
Sentences which have an expressive function
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is syntax?

Back

The set of rules that control where each word class can appear in a sentence

Card 3

Front

What are the two main categories of nouns?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the subcategories of common nouns?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the difference between count nouns and mass nouns?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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