A perspective that describes the different forces (dynamics) most of which are unconscious, that operate on the mind and direct human behaviour and experience.
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The Unconscious
The part of the mind that we are unaware of but which continues to direct much of our behaviour.
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Id
Entirely unconscious, the Id is made up of selfish aggressive instincts that demand imediate gratification.
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Ego
The 'reality check' that balances the conflicting demands of the Id and the superego.
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Superego
The moralistic part of our personality which represents the ideal self: how we ought to be.
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Defence Mechanisms
Unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the conflict between the Id and the superego.
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Psychosexual Stages
According to Freud, 5 developmental stages that all children pass through. At most stages there is a specific conflict, the outcome of which determines future development.
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Humanistic Psychology
An approach to understanding behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each person's capacity for self-determination.
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Free Will
The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by biological or external forces.
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Self-Actualisation
The desire to grow psychologically and fulfil one's full potential - becoming what you are capable of.
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Hierachy of Needs
A five-levelled hierarchical sequence in which basic needs (such as hunger) must be satisfied before higher psychological needs (such as esteem and self-actualisation) can be achieved.
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Self
The ideas and values that characterise 'I' and 'Me' and includes perception and valuing of 'what I am' and 'what I can do'.
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Congruence
The aim of Rogerian therapy; when the self-concept and ideal self are seen are seen to broadly accord or match.
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Conditions of Worth
When a parent places limits or boundaries on their love of their children; for instance, a parent saying to a child 'I will only love you...if you study medicine' or '...if you split up with that boy'.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The part of the mind that we are unaware of but which continues to direct much of our behaviour.
Back
The Unconscious
Card 3
Front
Entirely unconscious, the Id is made up of selfish aggressive instincts that demand imediate gratification.
Back
Card 4
Front
The 'reality check' that balances the conflicting demands of the Id and the superego.
Back
Card 5
Front
The moralistic part of our personality which represents the ideal self: how we ought to be.
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