Also known at the buccal cavity. Food is broken down by chewing and saliva is added as a lubricant. Amylase begins the digestion of starch.
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Oesophagus
Joins the pharynx to the stomach with a sphincter muscle at each end, controlling the passage of food. Peristaltic contractions move the bolus. Mucus is produced to lubricate and protect the lining from any stomach acid which escapes.
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Liver
Produces bile (which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine) to emulsify fats so thay enzymes can break them down. Haemoglobin is broken down into bilirubin and biliverdin. the liver also detoxifies alcohol.
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Small Intestine
Breaks down food. Lined with villi and microvilli to increase the surface area. It is split into three parts: duodemum, jejunum and ileum. Nutrients are reabsorbed into the blood in the duodenum.
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Pharynx
Lined with mucus and connects the mouth to the oesophagus. The epiglottis covers the larynx to prevent food and drink entering it.
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Stomach
A bag which varies in size. The gastro-oesophageal opening connects it to the oesophagus. The pyloric orifice connects it to the small intestine via the pyloric canal. Rugae are large folds. Gastric juices (H2O HCl protease) and food form chyme.
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Pancreas
Secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum and secretes insulin to promote glucose uptake.
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large Intestine
Slows the passage of food so water can be absorbed and to allow the faces to become semi-solid.
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Rectum
Connects the colon to the anus. When it receives stools it will let the person know.
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Anus
Two anal sphincters and pelvic floor muscles control it. The specialised lining informs the person if it is solid, gas or liquid which is to be evacuated.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Joins the pharynx to the stomach with a sphincter muscle at each end, controlling the passage of food. Peristaltic contractions move the bolus. Mucus is produced to lubricate and protect the lining from any stomach acid which escapes.
Back
Oesophagus
Card 3
Front
Produces bile (which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine) to emulsify fats so thay enzymes can break them down. Haemoglobin is broken down into bilirubin and biliverdin. the liver also detoxifies alcohol.
Back
Card 4
Front
Breaks down food. Lined with villi and microvilli to increase the surface area. It is split into three parts: duodemum, jejunum and ileum. Nutrients are reabsorbed into the blood in the duodenum.
Back
Card 5
Front
Lined with mucus and connects the mouth to the oesophagus. The epiglottis covers the larynx to prevent food and drink entering it.
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