Development Definitions

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Brain
The organ in your head made up of nerves that processes information and controls behaviour.
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Forebrain
The anterior part of the brain, including the hemispheres and the central brain structures.
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Midbrain
The middle section of the brain forming part of the central nervous system.
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Hindbrain
The lower part of the brain that includes the cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.
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Anterior
Directed towards the front, when in relation to our biology.
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Posterior
Directed towards the back, when used in relation to our biology.
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Cerebellum
An area of the brain near to the brainsteam that controls motor movements (muscular activity).
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Medulla Oblongata
Connects the upper brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic responses.
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Involuntary Response
A response to a stimulus that occurs without someone making a conscious choice. They are automatic such as reflexes.
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Neural Connections
Links formed by messages passing from one nerve cell (neuron) to another.
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Cognitive
Thinking, includingg problem solving, perciving, rememberin, using language and reasoning.
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Operations
How we reason and think about things.
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Object permance
Knowing something exists even when it is out of sight.
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Symbolic Play
Children play using objects and ideas to represent other objects and ideas.
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Egocentrism
Unable to see the world from any other viewpoint but one`s own.
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Animism
Believing that objects that are not alive can behave as if they are alive.
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Centration
Focusing on one feature of a situation and ignoring other relevant features.
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Irreversibility
Not understanding that an action can be reversed to return to the original state.
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Morality
General principles about what is right and wrong, including good and bad behaviour.
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Schema
Mental representations of the world based on one`s own experiences. The plural of schema is `scemata` though `schemas` can also used and is more common.
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Adaptation
Using assimilation and accommadation to make sense of the world.
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Assimilation
Incorporating new experiences into existing schemas.
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Accommodation
When a schema has to be changed to deal with a new experience.
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Equilibrium
When a child`s schemas can explain all that they experience; a state mental balancec.
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Subjective
Based on personal opinion or feelings.
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Validity
When the results of a study represent the situation they are testing (in realing life).
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Mindset
A set of beliefs someonee has that guides how someone responds to or interprets a situation.
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Ability
What someone can do, such as maths ability or ability to play tennis. Dweck suggests ability can be seen as either fixed and innate or as able to be improved.
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Effort
When you try to do better using determination.
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Fixed Mindset
Believing your abilities are fixed and unchangeable.
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Gowth Mindset
Believing practice and effort can improve your abilities.
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Framework
A basic understanding of ideas and facts that is used when making decisions.
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Person Praise
Someone praises the individual rather than what they are doing.
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Process Praise
Someone praises what is being done, not the individual.
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Entity Theory/ Motivational Framework
A belief that behaviour or ability results from a person`s nature.
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Incremental Theory/ Motivational Framework
A belief that effort drives behaviour and ability, which can change.
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Ecological Validity
The extent to which the findings still explain the behaviour in real life situations.
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Ethics
Moral principles about how someone should behaviour in a society.
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Debrief
After an investigation participants are given full disclosure of the study.
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Generalisability
The extent to which the results of a study represent the whole population, not just the sample used.
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Morals
Standards of right and wrong behvaviour that can differ between culture and can depend on the situation.
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Moral development
Children`s growing understanding about what is right and wrong.
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Heteronomous
Rules put into place by others.
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Autonomous
Rules can be decided by the individual person.
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Norms
Society`s values and customs, which a person in that society would be governed by.
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Nativist Theories
Theories that view morality as a part of human nature.
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Decentration
Beign able to seperate your self from the world and take different views of a situation, so not being egocentric.
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Rehersal
Repeat information over and over to make it stick.
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Self-Regulation
Limiting and controlling yourself without influence from others.
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Long Term Memory
A memory store that holds potentially limitless ammounts of information for up to a lifetime
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Working Memory
Has different parts for processing information coming in from our senses, including visual and sound data, and also invloves a desicion making part.
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Motor Skills
Actions that involves muscles and brain processes, resulting in movement.
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Social Learning
Learning by observing and copying others.
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Short Term Memory
Our intital memory that is temporary and limited.
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Nuture
Explaination of behaviour that focus on enviormental factors.
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Nature
Explaination of behaviour that focus on Biological factors.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The anterior part of the brain, including the hemispheres and the central brain structures.

Back

Forebrain

Card 3

Front

The middle section of the brain forming part of the central nervous system.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The lower part of the brain that includes the cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Directed towards the front, when in relation to our biology.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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