Doesn't consider victims (LR- square of crime), Doesn't offer solutions (LR), Focuses on structural causes not interactions/subcultures which cause crime, Doesn't explain white-collar crime (Marxism)
Working class people commit crime against other working class people
23 of 44
Lea and Young
Marginalisation: growing army of young unemployed associated with capitalism and ending of manual jobs (consider relative deprivation and subcultures)
24 of 44
Young + evidence
Bulimic society + lewis et al 2011 London riots
25 of 44
Lyng
Toxic mix worsens relative deprivation
26 of 44
Toxic Mix features
growing individualism, growing economic social inequality (rich richer, poor poorer) and weakening of informal social control
27 of 44
Square of Crime
Lea + Young, the public, offender, victim, social control (police)
28 of 44
Solutions
Restorative justice, community cohesion, measures to tackle deprivation, democratic policing
29 of 44
Limitations of LR
doesn't explore gender and ethnicity, unrealistic solutions, crime stats are actually distorted, assumes crime is a WC issue and doesn't explain white collar crime
30 of 44
RIGHT REALISM
.
31 of 44
What impact does value consensus have on crime
shared morality and value consensus underpins society if people lose their values they commit crime
32 of 44
Why is crime inevitable
People are inherently selfish, greed cannot be overcame
33 of 44
Rational choice theory
Cornish and Clarke
34 of 44
Wilson and Kelling
Broken Window thesis
35 of 44
Charles Murray
Criminal underclass caused by inadequate socialisation and generational values
36 of 44
Solutions
Zero tolerance policing, cctv surveillance, target hardening and deterrence sentencing (sure starts too)
37 of 44
Limitations of RR
Victim blaming, doesn't explain white collar crime, too black and white for the complex nature of crime, claims all crime is rational (Marx, Interact, Subcultural)
38 of 44
POSTMODERNISM
.
39 of 44
Henry and Milovanovic
2 forms of harm : reduction and repression
40 of 44
Katz and Lyng
thrillseeking and edgework
41 of 44
Lea
informal social control mechanisms take over formal social control like the police
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