What things do members of a single species have in common that define a species?
They are similar to one another but different from members of other species, they belong to the same ecological niche. The are capable of breeding to produce living, fertile offspring; they belong to the same gene pool.
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What is the naming system for organisms called?
the binomial system
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What are the 3 features of the binomial system?
1. Universal system based on latin or greek names. 2. The first name - generic name - denotes genus organism belongs, like a surname. 3. The second name - specific name - denotes species organism is from, like given name.
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What are the rules applied to the use of the binomial system?
1.Names printed in italics or written underlined - shows scientific names. 2. First letter of Generic name in upper case - not for specific. 3. If specific name unknown, can be written as 'sp'.
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What is taxonomy?
the theory and practice of biological classification.
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What are the main 2 types of biological classification?
Artificial classification and natural classification.
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What is artificial classification?
Divides organisms in terms of what's useful at the time. e.g. animals with wings. They are called analogous characteristics - same function, different evolutionary origins.
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What is natural classification?
Based on evolutionary relationships, classifies species into groups using shared features derived from ancestors. Arranges groups into hierarchy, groups contained within larger
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What are relationships in a natural classification based on?
homologous characteristics - similar evolutionary origins regardless of functions.
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What is the largest group an organism can be put into with taxonomy?
a kingdom
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Name in order the taxonomic ranks.
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, species.
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What are some difficulties when defining species?
Species change and evolve over time, in time some individuals may develop into a new species. There can be considerable variation within a species. Many species are extinct. Some species are sterile.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What things do members of a single species have in common that define a species?
Back
They are similar to one another but different from members of other species, they belong to the same ecological niche. The are capable of breeding to produce living, fertile offspring; they belong to the same gene pool.
Card 3
Front
What is the naming system for organisms called?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the 3 features of the binomial system?
Back
Card 5
Front
What are the rules applied to the use of the binomial system?
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