LAD (language acquistion device) children are born with an inbuilt ability to learn a language and grammatical structures.
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Bruner
LASS (language acquisition support system)- scaffolding: parents create routines and rituals to help children learn (peek-a-boo)
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Cruttenden
Children under the age of 7 are less able to understand the meanings behind intonation in the voice.
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Berko & Brown
If a child uses 'fis' for fish and the adult does aswell the child wont understand the adult as they know its meant to be fish.
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Nelson
60% of children's first words are nouns, followed by verbs, then modifiers and then personal/social words.
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Skinner
Children learn through positive and negative reinforcement (behaviourist)
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Clark
Over extension (dog for all 4 legged animals) & underextension (duck for cartoon but not pond).
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Rescorla
Over extensions can be split into 3 categories: categorical overextension, analogical development and mismatch statements.
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Aitchison
Linguistic development is split into 3 stages: labelling, packaging and network-development.
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Piaget
Children are active learners who use their environment. Split development into 4 stages : sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational and formal events.
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Bellugi
Explored the use of negatives and split into 3 stages.
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Brown
Found children learn morphemes in a particular order, 'ing' being the 1st.
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Berko
Proved over generalisations when children are learning plurals.
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Halliday
Explored functions of speech. Instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, representational, imaginative and heuristic.
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Dore
Explored speech functions but focused more on individual utterances, groups were : labelling, repeating, answering, requesting action, calling, greeting, protesting and practising.
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Brown & Levinson
Positive and negative face.
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Vygotsky
Children use play to develop language and use pprops as pivots during adult role playing.
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Garvey
Children use role play to develop social interactions and negotiating skills.
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Macnamara
Children don't have a LAD but do have an inbuilt ability to interpret social situations.
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Bard & Sachs
Researched a child with 2 deaf parents. Although he was exposed to TV & radio he still had retarded speech development which shows importance of social interactions.
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Heath
Different areas and cultures pick up different aspects of language first.
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Bruner
Parents can help children learn a language through the use of books and images using 4 stages: gaining attention, querying, labelling and feedback (LASS)
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Donaldson & Scheffler
Wrote and illustrated the gruffalo. 4 key aspects to help children learn to read: animal characters, phonological devices(rhyme), direct speech & text image cohesion.
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Skinner
Positive and negative reinforcements can be used whilst reading.
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Chall
6 stages for reading development.
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Kroll
Split writing development into four stages: preparation, consolidation, differentiation and intergration.
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Rothery
Created 4 categories for childrens writing: observation/comment, recount, report & narrative.
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Britton
3 modes for childrens writing: expressive, poetic and transactional.
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Barclay
Created 7 stages for writing development.
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Perera
Added age ranges to Kroll's stages and research chronologicl and non chronological texts.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
LASS (language acquisition support system)- scaffolding: parents create routines and rituals to help children learn (peek-a-boo)
Back
Bruner
Card 3
Front
Children under the age of 7 are less able to understand the meanings behind intonation in the voice.
Back
Card 4
Front
If a child uses 'fis' for fish and the adult does aswell the child wont understand the adult as they know its meant to be fish.
Back
Card 5
Front
60% of children's first words are nouns, followed by verbs, then modifiers and then personal/social words.
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