Chemistry vocabulary 1st year 0.0 / 5 ? Chemistry1st year vocabularyASOCR Created by: May HtarCreated on: 03-04-18 18:14 Acid Chemical that is a proton donor and releases H+ in solution. 1 of 22 Activation energy Minimum energy required to start a reaction by breaking bonds in the reactants. 2 of 22 Alcohol A group of organic compound where the parent functional group is -OH. 3 of 22 Alkali A chemical that reacts with an acid and is soluble in water releasing hydroxide ions 4 of 22 Alkanes A homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons. 5 of 22 Alkenes Homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbon. 6 of 22 Amount of substance Quantity whose unit is the mole. It is used as a means of counting atoms. 7 of 22 Amphoteric substances Substances that can react as both acids and bases. 8 of 22 Aliphatic hydrocarbon A hydrocarbon where carbon atoms are joined together in straight or branched chains. 9 of 22 anhydrous Substance that contains no water molecules. 10 of 22 Anion Negatively charged ion. 11 of 22 Aqueous A solution in which the solvent is water. 12 of 22 Atom The smallest object that retains properties of an element. Composed of electrons and a nucleus (containing protons and neutrons). 13 of 22 Atomic (proton) number number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. 14 of 22 atomic orbital Region of space where it is likely that you will find electrons. Each orbital can hold up to 2 electrons, with opposite spins. 15 of 22 atomic radius Measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons. 16 of 22 Average bond enthalpy Mean energy needed for 1 mole of a given type of gaseous bonds to undergo homolytic fission. 17 of 22 Avogadro constant The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope (6.02 x 10^23 mol^-1. 18 of 22 Base Chemical that can react with acids and is a proton acceptor. 19 of 22 Biodegradable materials Effected by the action of of microorganisms and environmental conditions leading to decomposition. 20 of 22 Bioplastics Materials made from a renewable source that are biodegradable. 21 of 22 Boltzmann distribution The distribution of energies of molecules at a particular temperature. 22 of 22
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