Cellular control 3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyCellular processes and structureA2/A-levelOCR Created by: CharlotteCreated on: 02-05-13 21:59 A length of DNA which codes for one or more polypeptides. gene 1 of 26 A polymer which consists of a chain of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds. polypeptide 2 of 26 The entire DNA sequence of an organism. genome 3 of 26 The creation of a single-stranded mRNA copy of the DNA coding strand. transcription 4 of 26 A large polypeptide containing 100 or more amino acids and sometimes of more than one polypeptide chain. protein 5 of 26 The assembly of polypeptides at ribosomes. translation 6 of 26 Changes to parts of or whole chromosomes. chromosome mutations 7 of 26 A change in the amount of or arrangement of the genetic material in a cell. mutation 8 of 26 Changes to genes as a result of changes in nucleotide base sequences. DNA mutations 9 of 26 Class of DNA mutation in which one base pair replaces another. Point mutation 10 of 26 Alternative version of a gene. allele 11 of 26 Length of DNA which is made up of structural genes and control sites. operon 12 of 26 These control the development of the body plan of an organism. homeobox genes 13 of 26 Programmed cell death occurring in multi-cellular organisms. apoptosis 14 of 26 The endocytosis of large solid molecules into a cell. phagocytosis 15 of 26 The name which refers to the 50 mitotic divisions before cell death. Hayflick constant 16 of 26 These are formed when there is not sufficient cell death. tumours 17 of 26 Reduction division in which the resulting daughter cells have half the original number of chromosomes. meiosis 18 of 26 When lengths of DNA are swapped from one chromatid to another. crossing over 19 of 26 The genetic make-up of an organism. genotype 20 of 26 Refers to the characteristics that are expressed in an organism. phenotype 21 of 26 Describes both of clue 11 contributing to clue 21. codominant 22 of 26 The interaction of different gene loci so that one gene locus masks the expression of another. epistasis 23 of 26 Used to test the significance of the difference between observed and expected results. chi squared test 24 of 26 A group of individuals of the same species that can interbreed. population 25 of 26 The mechanism for evolution in which organisms best suited to their environment are more likely to survive. natural selection 26 of 26
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