Cardiovascular system

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  • Created by: feyikemi5
  • Created on: 15-11-17 18:34
What are the three branches of the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery
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What is the largest branch of the aortic arch?
The brachiocephalic trunk
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What arteries does the brachiocephalic trunk divide into?
Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
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What does the common carotid artery divide into?
Internal and external carotid arteries
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What does the internal carotid artery supply?
The brain
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What does the external carotid artery supply?
The face and neck
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What artery does the subclavian artery become when it reaches the armpit?
The axillary artery
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What does the axillary artery become when it reaches the arm?
The brachial artery
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What two arteries become bifurcate into at the cubital fossa
The radial and ulnar arteries
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What are the three surfaces of the heart and its base?
Surfaces: the anterior (sternocostal), the left (pulmonary) and diaphragmatic surfaces. Base: posterior surface
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What chamber contributes to the anterior surface?
Right ventricle
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What chamber contributes to the left surface?
Left ventricle and right atrium
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What chamber contributes to the diaphragmatic surface?
Left and right ventricles
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What chamber supplies the posterior surface?
Left atrium
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Where is the apex of the heart?
On the 5th intercostal space
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Where is the atrioventricular groove found?
The atrioventricular groove, is along the line where the right atrium and the right ventricle meet
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Where is the interventricular groove?
Separates the right and left ventriclesW
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What are the two sides of the heart?
One for collecting blood from the general tissue and passing it to the lungs (the pulmonary circulation) and the other for collecting blood from the lungs and passing it to the general tissues (the systemic circulation)
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What does the right side of the heart do?
It collects blood from the body and delivers it to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries
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What are the branches of the pulmonary trunk called?
Pulmonary arteries
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Why is the pulmonary trunk and its branches important?
The pulmonary trunk and its branches, the pulmonary arteries, are the only arteries in the human body that carry deoxygenated blood instead of oxygenated blood.
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How many pulmonary veins are there?
There are four main pulmonary veins, two from each lung that drain into the left atrium of the heart.
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What does the pulmonary vein do?
The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
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What does the left side of the heart do?
The left side of the heart passes this blood on to the other tissues of the body through the aorta
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What are the two venae cavae and what do they do?
Superior and Inferior vena cava, they are two large veins (venous trunks) that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart (right atrium).
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What is the crista terminalis?
Ridge in the superior aspect of right atrium that separate the rough and smooth portions
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What are the pectinate muscles (musculi pectinati)?
Parallel ridges in the walls of the atria of the heart.
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What is the coronary sinus?
Collection of veins joined together to form a large vessel that collects blood from the heart muscle (myocardium)
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What is the central depression depression (in the right atrium of the heart) and where is it found?
The fossa ovalis found in the thin interatrial septum
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Why is the fossa ovalis important?
It is a remnant of a thin fibrous sheet that covered the foramen ovale during fetal development.
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What is the valve that prevents back flow of blood into the right atrium?
The tricuspid valve
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What is the valve that prevents back flow of blood into the left atrium?
The bicuspid valve
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What are the tendinous chords and muscles pulling the valves towards the ventricle?
Chordae tendinae and papillary muscles
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What is the trabeculae carneae and where is it found?
Irregular muscle ridges, found in the ventricles of the heart
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What is the infundibulum and where does it lead?
Smooth portions of the right ventricle and leads to the outflow tract of the pulmonary trunk
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What is the auricle of left atrium?
A flap of heart wall on the anterior surface of the left atrium of the heart
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How many cusps of the mitral valve?
Two
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How many cusps does the aortic valve have?
Three
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How many aortic sinuses are there?
Three
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the largest branch of the aortic arch?

Back

The brachiocephalic trunk

Card 3

Front

What arteries does the brachiocephalic trunk divide into?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does the common carotid artery divide into?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does the internal carotid artery supply?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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