C5

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name the four main gases in the atmosphere
nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide
1 of 64
which gas makes up 78% of the atmosphere?
nitrogen
2 of 64
which gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere?
oxygen
3 of 64
which gas makes up 1% of the atmosphere?
argon
4 of 64
which gas makes up 0.04% of the atmosphere?
carbon dioxide
5 of 64
what is the chemical symbol for argon?
Ar
6 of 64
what is th chemical symbol for nitrogen?
N
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what is the chemical symbol for oxygen?
O
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what is the chemical symbol for carbon dkoxide?
CO2
9 of 64
why type of chemical bond is made between 2 non metal atoms?
covalent
10 of 64
do simple covalent bond molecules have high or low melting and boiling points?
low
11 of 64
what state of matter are most simple covalent molecules?
gas
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is the force of attraction between covalent molecules high or low?
low
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can simple covalent molecules conduct electricity?
no
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do simple covalent molecules contain charged particles?
no
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what is a covalent bond?
when two atoms share an electron to have a full outer shell of electrons
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what subatomic particle is the electron attached towards in a simple covalent molecule
protons of the other atoms
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which is stronger: the covalent bond between 2 atoms in a molecule or the force of attraction between two molecules?
the covalent bond between 2 atoms
18 of 64
what is the solid outer layer of the Earth called?
the crust
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what type of materials make up the Earths crust?
minerals
20 of 64
name two giant covalent structures made entirely of carbon atoms
diamond and graphite
21 of 64
what is diamonds melting and boiling point like?
high - it has the highest melting and boiling point of any naturally occuring material
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how many carbon atoms are bonded to each carbon atom in graphite?
three
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how many carbon atoms are bonded to each carbon atom in diamond?
four
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what has the stronger intermolecular force? diamond or graphite?
diamond
25 of 64
which can conduct electricity, diamond or graphite? why?
graphite because it has three carbon atoms connected to each carbon atom which means there is a spare one at the end which can conduct electric current
26 of 64
why are diamond and graphite extremely hard?
they have high intermolecular forces
27 of 64
name the three most abundant elements in the Earth's crust
silicon, oxygen and aliminium
28 of 64
what compound are most of silicon and oxygen found in?
silicon dioxide
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is silicon dioxide a giant covalent structure?
yes
30 of 64
what other giant covalent structure does silicon dioxide have similar properties to?
diamond
31 of 64
how many oxygen atoms is each silicon dioxide atom bonded to in silicon dioxide?
2
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what is an ore?
a rock that contains metal
33 of 64
do all ores contain the same percentage of useful minerals?
no
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name three metals that can be extracted from their ores by heating with carbon?
copper, zinc and iron
35 of 64
write a word equation for the reaction of copper oxide and carbon
copper oxide + carbon --> copper and carbon dioxide
36 of 64
what is the scientific term for when a metal gains oxygen to become a metal oxide
oxidation
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what is the scientific term for when a metal oxide loses its oxygen
reduction
38 of 64
is copper oxide, oxidised or reduced when it is heated with carbon
reduced
39 of 64
why cant aluminium oxide be reduced by heating it with carbon
aluminium is more reactive than carbon
40 of 64
which type of bonds are formed between a metal and non metal elements
ionic bonds
41 of 64
H2SO4 is the forulae for sulfuric acid. how many Sulfur and Oxygen atoms does it contain?
one sulfur, four oxygen
42 of 64
what is the state symbol for gas?
g
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what is the state symbol for solid?
s
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what is the state symbol for liquid?
`l
45 of 64
what is the state symbol for a solid or gas dissolved in water?
aq
46 of 64
using the periodic table, what is te relative atomic mass of Lead?
207
47 of 64
using the periodic table, what is the relative formula mass of iron oxide?
160
48 of 64
in what two states can inic compounds conduct electricity
molten or dissolved
49 of 64
what is electrolysis?
using electricity to break apart ionic compounds
50 of 64
what type of elements form positive ions?
metals
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which type of elements form negative ions?
non metals
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what type of element gains electrons when they form ions?
non metals
53 of 64
which electrode are metal ions attracted to during electrolysis?
negative
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which electrode are the non metal ions attracted to during electrolysis?
positive
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what state is aluminium oxide during electrolysis?
molten
56 of 64
what happens to the ions if an ionic compound is molten or dissolved?
the ions dissociate
57 of 64
why can molten aluminium oxide conduct electricity but solid aluminium cannot conduct electricity?
the ions are free to move when the aluminium oxide is molten. the ions cant move when its in a solid state
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what type of bonding haooens between metals and metals?
metallic
59 of 64
describe how metal and metals are bonded to each other
positive metal ions surrounded by a sea of free, moving electrons
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what are the positive ions attracted to in metallic bonding?
the negative free, moving electrons
61 of 64
why can metals conduct electricity?
the sea of free electrons can move and carry electric current
62 of 64
why can metaals be bent into any shape
the layers of positive metal ions can slide over each other
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why do metals have very high melting and boiling points?
the strong force of attraction between the positive metal ions and the negative electrons
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

which gas makes up 78% of the atmosphere?

Back

nitrogen

Card 3

Front

which gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

which gas makes up 1% of the atmosphere?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

which gas makes up 0.04% of the atmosphere?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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