C4

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what does an element contain
one type of atom
1 of 49
whos ideas is the modern period table based on
Dmitri Mandeleev
2 of 49
why did Mandeleev leave gaps in the table
for undiscovered elements
3 of 49
what did Döbereiner notice
Triads, they linked patterns of the relative mass for three atoms
4 of 49
what are Octaves and who noticed them
Octaves are patterns showing every eighth element had similar properties. John Newlands notcied.
5 of 49
why were Döbereiner's and Newland's ideas rejected
most elements did not fit the Triads or Octaves
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what happened when new elements were discovered
they fitted Mandeleev's predictions
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what happens when elements are heated
the produce coloured flames
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what is a line spectrum
coloured light from elements is split into line spectrums that is unique to that element.
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what are atoms made of
a nucleus, protons and neutrons
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what do electrons do
travel around the outside of the atom in shells
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what is the relative atomic mass
number of protons plus the number of neutrons
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electrons are arranged in shells, how many electrons can each shell hold
the first shell holds 2, for the first 20 elements, any other shells hold 8.
13 of 49
what is the electron arrangement for oxygen
2.6.
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what is the amount of electrons in an atom equal too
the amount of the protons i an atom
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what differs about electrons in different shells
they have different energy levels
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what is the correlation between the energy level and the nucleus
the closer the electron shell is to the nucleus, the lower the energy level
17 of 49
what is the periodic table arranged in
elements are arranged in order of proton number
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what is the row across the period table called
a period
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what happens to the number of electrons in an outer shell further across the period
number of electrons in the outer shell increases
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what does inert mean
unreactive
21 of 49
what happens to the elements on the periodic table when you go from left to right
properties change, metals to non-metals
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what is the element if it has 3 electrons in it's outer shell
a metal
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what is the element if it has 5 or more electrons in the outer shell
a non-metal
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what is the element if it has a full outer shell
an inert gas
25 of 49
what is a vertical column in the periodic table called
a group
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what is group 1 on the periodic table
the alkali metals
27 of 49
what happens to the group 1 elements if you cut them open
they are shiny but they react with oxygen in the air and tarnish, turning them a dull colour
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what happens to the properties of alkali metals as they go down the group
they increase in reactivity
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what do all group 1 alkali metals react with
water
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what is produced as a result of an alkali metal reacting with water
hydrogen and a metal hydroxide
31 of 49
how do you test for hydrogen
it pops when it is lit
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what is the word equation for an alkali metal reacting with water
metal + water > metal hydroxide + hydrogen
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what happens to sodium and lithium when placed in water
fizz and move around on the surface in the water
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how does sodium react with chlorine
reacts vigorously, shows a yellow flame, makes a white solid
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what are elements in group7 called
the halogens
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what are the halogens
diatomic molecules (they all have two atoms joined together in each molecule)
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why do the halogens need to be used in a fume cupboard
they are toxic and corrosive
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what is produces when a metal reacts with a halogen
a halide
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what is the trend in the halogen group
they become less reactive as you go down
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what is a displacement reaction
when a more reactive halogen takes place of a less reactive halogen in a compound
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how many electrons do halogens have in their outer shell
7
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what is an ionic compound
compounds made from a group 1 element and group 7 element, they contain charged particles and are arranged into a pattern clled a crystal latttice
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when are ionic compounds good conductors
in water, they are soluable
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how can an ionic compound conduct electricity when in water
the ions are free to move around, unlike when solid
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what happens when a group 1 element loses an electron
becomes a positive ion
46 of 49
what happens when a group 7 element gains an electron
becomes a negative ion
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why do group one elements become ions with a 1+ charge
they have lost an electron and became positive
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why do group 7 elements become ions with a 1- charge
they have gained an electron and become negative
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

whos ideas is the modern period table based on

Back

Dmitri Mandeleev

Card 3

Front

why did Mandeleev leave gaps in the table

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what did Döbereiner notice

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what are Octaves and who noticed them

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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