C3

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  • Created by: apple87
  • Created on: 17-03-14 16:39
What is an exothermic reaction?
An exothermic reaction is on which gives out energy to the surroundings, usually in the form of heat, this is shown by a rise in tmeperature.
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What is an endothermic reaction?
An endothermic reaction is one which takes energy in from the surroundings, usually in the form of heat, which is shown by a fall in tmeperature.
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What sort of reaction is bond breaking?
Endothermic
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What sort of reaction is bond forming?
Exothermic
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What is the calorimetric method?
Weigh the fuel, measure water in to a copper calorimeter, take initial temperature of water, heat water by 20-30 degrees, reweigh fuel
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How do you find the energy output per gram of fuel?
Energy transferred= mass of water*shc of water*temp change, energy output per gram= emergy released/mass of fuel burned.
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What is atom economy?
The percentage of reactants changed to usful products.
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How do you calculate atom economy?
(Total of desired products/total of all products)*100
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How is high atom economy better for the environment and profits?
Low economy uses up resources quickly, waste has to be disposed of, unprofitable.
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What is percentage yeild?
Compares actual and predicted yeild, tells you about the overall success.
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How do you work out the percentage yeild?
(actual yeild/perdicted yeild)*100
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What ways can some of the product get lost?
Evaporation, not all the reactants make a product, filteration, transfering liquids
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What is batch production?
Only operates at certain times, its felixible- several products can be made using the same equipment, start up costs are low- off the self equipment, labour intensive- equipment needs to be set up manually, and cleaned at the end, quality can differ
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What is continuous production?
Production never stops- don't waste time cleaning, rusn automatically, quallity is consistant, start up costs are huge
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When is batch production used?
Pharmaceutical drugs- complicated fairly low demand for them
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When is coninuous production used?
Large scale industrial processes eg harber process, ammonia
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What are allotropes?
Allotropes are differnt structural forms of the same element in the same physical state.
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Why is dimond used as jewellrey and as cutting tools?
Lustrous(Sparkly) and colourless- Each atom has four covalent bonds, very rigid this makes it really hard. Takes lots of energy to break covalent bonds, gives it a high melting point. Doesn't conducts electricity, it has not free electron.
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How does a graphite pencil work?
The atoms have only 3 covalent bonds, sheets of carbon atoms can slide over eachother, they can be rubbed off onto paper. Gaphite gots a high melting point. Spare electrons means it conducts electricity.
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What is a fullerene?
Molecules of carbon shaped like closed tubes of hollow balls. Can be used to cage other molucules- eg for delivering a drug.
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What is a nanotube?
Fullerenes can join together have large surface areas to work as great catalysts.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is an endothermic reaction?

Back

An endothermic reaction is one which takes energy in from the surroundings, usually in the form of heat, which is shown by a fall in tmeperature.

Card 3

Front

What sort of reaction is bond breaking?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What sort of reaction is bond forming?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the calorimetric method?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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