C1 Glossary 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAll c1GCSEOCR Created by: LavleenGillCreated on: 15-04-17 13:06 Fossil fuels Fuels such as coal, oil and gas 1 of 39 Fractional distillation Process of heating crude oil and seperating the fractions within it due to their different boiling points. 2 of 39 Intermolecular forces Forces between molecules which are broken during boiling 3 of 39 Non-renewable energy Energy which is used up at a faster rate than it is made 4 of 39 Hydrocarbon A compound made of hydrogen and carbon only 5 of 39 Cracking Process of making small hydrocarbon molecules we need more of, using long hydrocarbon molecules we have too much of 6 of 39 Combustion Burning reaction - where fuels react with oxygen to produce heat 7 of 39 Complete combustion When fuels burn in an excess of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water only 8 of 39 Incomplete combustion When fuels burn in limited oxygen to produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water only. 9 of 39 Pollution Substances made by human activity that harm the environment 10 of 39 Catalytic converter Boxes fitted to vehicle exhausts which reduced the level of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the exhaust fumes 11 of 39 Polymer A long chain made up of lots of monomers 12 of 39 Monomer Lots of these join together to make a polymer 13 of 39 Alkane Single bonds between carbons 14 of 39 Alkene Double bond between carbons 15 of 39 Bromine water Orange substance that can be used to test for alkenes 16 of 39 Saturated Only contain single carbon bond 17 of 39 Unsaturated Contains double carbon bond 18 of 39 Biodegradable Can be broken down by microorganisms 19 of 39 Non-Biodegradable CANNOT be broken down by microorganisms 20 of 39 Irreversible Cannot get back what you started with 21 of 39 Denaturing When a protein changes shape permanently 22 of 39 Thermal decomposition When a chemical breaks down as it is heated 23 of 39 Emulsifier A substance that joins oil and water together 24 of 39 Hydrophobic Attracts oil 25 of 39 Hydrophilic Attracts water 26 of 39 Ester Chemical used to make perfume 27 of 39 Evaporate When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas 28 of 39 Volatile If a substance evaporates easily, then the substance is volatile 29 of 39 Soluble A substance that dissolves in a liquid is soluble 30 of 39 Solvent A liquid that a solute can dissolve in 31 of 39 Solute A substance that dissolves in a solvent 32 of 39 Solution When a solute dissolves in a solvent, a solution is formed 33 of 39 Pigment Gives paint its colour 34 of 39 Binding medium Sticks the pigment in the paint to the surface 35 of 39 Colloid Liquid with particles dispersed throughout it NOT dissolved in it 36 of 39 Dispersed Particles spread out in a colloid 37 of 39 Thermochromic Type of pigment that changes colour when it gets hot 38 of 39 Phosphorescent Type of pigment that glows in the dark 39 of 39
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