Biology IGCSE CIE Definitions

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  • Created by: c1ats33
  • Created on: 21-04-14 14:49
Absorption
The movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood or lymph
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Accomodation
The change of the shape of the lens in order to focus on objects at different distances
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Active Site
The part of an enzyme molecule into which its substrate fits
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Active Transport
The movement of ions in or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration against a concentration gradient, using energy released during respiration
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Adrenaline
A hormone secreted by the adrenal glands, which prepares the body for 'fight or flight'
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Aerobic Respiration
The release of a relatively large amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen
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Allele
Any of two or more alternative forms of a gene
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Alveolus
An air sac in the lungs, where gas exchange occurs
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Amino Acids
Molecules that can link together in long chains to form proteins, they contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
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Amniotic Fluid
Fluid secreted by the amnion, which supports and protects a developing fetus
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Amylase
An enzyme which breaks down starch into maltose
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Anemia
An illness cased by a lack of haemoglobin
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Anaerobic Respiration
The release of a relatively small amount of energy by the breakdown of food molecules in the absence of oxygen
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Antagonistic Muscles
Muscles that work together as a pair, for example, one may cause extension, and the other flexing of a joint
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Anther
The part of a stamen in which pollen is produced
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Antibiotic
A drug that kills bacteria in the human body, without damaging human cells
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Antibodies
Chemicals secreted by lymphocytes, which attach to antigens and help to destroy them
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Antigens
Chemicals on the surfaces of pathogens, which are recognised as foreign by the body
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Artifical Selection
The choice by a farmer or grower of only the 'best' parents to breed, generation after generation
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Asexual Reproduction
The procuess resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent
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Assimilation
The movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used, becoming part of the cells
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Auxin
A plant hormon which causes cells to elongate
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Axon
A nerve fibre that conducts impulses away from the cell body
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The change of the shape of the lens in order to focus on objects at different distances

Back

Accomodation

Card 3

Front

The part of an enzyme molecule into which its substrate fits

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The movement of ions in or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration against a concentration gradient, using energy released during respiration

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A hormone secreted by the adrenal glands, which prepares the body for 'fight or flight'

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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