Biology: Week 3: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

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What do the anatomical terms Dorsal, Ventral, Rostral, Caudal, Lateral and Medial mean?
Dorsal: back / top of skull, Ventral: to the belly, base of the skull, Rostral: Towards the head/eyes, Caudal: to the feet, Lateral: away from the middle, Medial: towards the middle.
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What are the Planes of sections?
Coronal/ frontal = parallel to forehead, Horizontal / axial = parallel to the ground, Sagittal = left vs right
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What are the meninges?
Protective sheath of connective tissue covering the entire nervous system, which is composed of 3 layers in the CNS: the dura mater, arachnoid membrane, Pia mater.
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What is the dura mater layer?
Tough, flexible but unstretchable outer layer.
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What is the arachnoid membrane?
Middle layer (web like structure) , absent in the PNS
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What is the Pia mater layer?
Inner layer closely attached to the brain, following its every surface convolution.
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What are two types of grooves on the external view of the Brain?
Sulci (small grooves) and fissures (prominent grooves)
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What is a bulge on the external view of the brain?
Gyris / gyrus
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What is subcortical nuclei?
Mass of neurones deep in the brain.
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What is white matter of the brain?
Inner "layer" composed of myelinated axons.
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What is grey matter of the brain?
Thin outer layer composed of (6 layers of) cell bodies, dendrites and glia.
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What does the telencephalon consist of?
Cerebral cortex, limbic system and basal ganglia
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Who is Korbinian Brodmann (1868 - 1918)?
A German neuroanatomist whom proposed a map of cortical areas (1 to 52) based on the cytoarchitectural organisation of neurones of the cerebral cortex.
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What is the diencephalon involved in?
Involved in the relay of information to the cortex, controls ANS, and the endocrine system, and organises behaviour related to survival.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the Planes of sections?

Back

Coronal/ frontal = parallel to forehead, Horizontal / axial = parallel to the ground, Sagittal = left vs right

Card 3

Front

What are the meninges?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the dura mater layer?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the arachnoid membrane?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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