biology topic five
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- Created by: El17P
- Created on: 27-02-23 17:27
1.define homeostasis
2. what are your automatic control systems?
3.what are the three main components all of your automatic control systems are made of?
4. what does negative feedback?
2. what are your automatic control systems?
3.what are the three main components all of your automatic control systems are made of?
4. what does negative feedback?
1.when your body regulates conditions to maintain a stable environment.
2. the nervous and hormone communication systems.
3.receptors, coordination centers (brain, spinal cord and pancreas), and effectors.
4. it counteracts changes helping to maintain bod
2. the nervous and hormone communication systems.
3.receptors, coordination centers (brain, spinal cord and pancreas), and effectors.
4. it counteracts changes helping to maintain bod
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1. what does the nervous system detect and react to?
2.how is the central nervous system connected to the body in mammals?
3.what are sensory neurones?
4. what are motor neurones?
5. what are effectors?
2.how is the central nervous system connected to the body in mammals?
3.what are sensory neurones?
4. what are motor neurones?
5. what are effectors?
1. stimuli
2. through sensory neurones and motor neurones.
3. neurones that carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS.
4. neurones that carry electrical impulses from the
CNS to effectors.
5. all your muscles and glands which
2. through sensory neurones and motor neurones.
3. neurones that carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS.
4. neurones that carry electrical impulses from the
CNS to effectors.
5. all your muscles and glands which
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6. what are receptors?
7. what is the central nervous system?
8.what is a synapse?
9.how are nerve signals transferred?
10. what do the chemicals do next?
7. what is the central nervous system?
8.what is a synapse?
9.how are nerve signals transferred?
10. what do the chemicals do next?
6.the cells that detect stimuli
7. a coordination center that receives information from receptors and then coordinates a response, which is carried out by effectors.
8. the space between two neurones.
9.by chemicals that diffuse across the gap.
10. set of
7. a coordination center that receives information from receptors and then coordinates a response, which is carried out by effectors.
8. the space between two neurones.
9.by chemicals that diffuse across the gap.
10. set of
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1.what are reflexes?
2. what is the passage of information in a reflex?
3.what do the neurons in a reflex arc go through?
4. how can you measure reaction time?
5. what is the brain made of?
2. what is the passage of information in a reflex?
3.what do the neurons in a reflex arc go through?
4. how can you measure reaction time?
5. what is the brain made of?
1.rapid,automatic responses to certain stimuli.
2. a reflex arc.
3. the spinal cord or an unconscious part of the brain.
4.ruler drop test or computer.
5. billions of interconnected neurones.
2. a reflex arc.
3. the spinal cord or an unconscious part of the brain.
4.ruler drop test or computer.
5. billions of interconnected neurones.
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1. what does the Cerebral cortex control?
2.what does the medulla control?
3.what does the cerebellum control?
4. what methods do scientists use to map out the functions of sections of the brain?
2.what does the medulla control?
3.what does the cerebellum control?
4. what methods do scientists use to map out the functions of sections of the brain?
1.consciousness, intelligence, memory and language.
2.unconscious activities
3.muscle coordination
4. studying patients with brain damage, electrically stimulating the brain and MRI scans.
2.unconscious activities
3.muscle coordination
4. studying patients with brain damage, electrically stimulating the brain and MRI scans.
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1. what is the sclera?
2.what is the cornea?
3. what is the iris?
4. what is the lens?
5.what is the lens controlled by?
6.what is the optic nerve?
2.what is the cornea?
3. what is the iris?
4. what is the lens?
5.what is the lens controlled by?
6.what is the optic nerve?
1. the tough supporting wall of the eye.
2.the transparent outer layer on the front of the eye that refracts light.
3.a part containing muscles that control the diameter of the pupil.
4.focuses light onto the retina.
5. the capillary muscles and suspensor
2.the transparent outer layer on the front of the eye that refracts light.
3.a part containing muscles that control the diameter of the pupil.
4.focuses light onto the retina.
5. the capillary muscles and suspensor
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1. what does the eye do when bright light is detected?
2. what does the eye do when dim light is detected?
3.what happens when looking at a near object?
4.what happens what looking at a distant object?
2. what does the eye do when dim light is detected?
3.what happens when looking at a near object?
4.what happens what looking at a distant object?
1. circular muscles contract and radial muscles relax (pupil shrinks)
2. radial muscles contract and circular muscles relax (pupil widens)
3. ciliary muscles contract slackening the suspensory ligaments, lens is fat, increases light refraction
4. ciliary
2. radial muscles contract and circular muscles relax (pupil widens)
3. ciliary muscles contract slackening the suspensory ligaments, lens is fat, increases light refraction
4. ciliary
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1. what cant long sighted people focus on?
2. why does this happen?
3.where are the images brought?
4.what lens fixes this?
5.what is the medical term for this?
2. why does this happen?
3.where are the images brought?
4.what lens fixes this?
5.what is the medical term for this?
1. near objects
2.the lens doesn't refracts light enough or the lens is too short.
3. behind the retina.
4. a convex lens.
5. hyperopia.
2.the lens doesn't refracts light enough or the lens is too short.
3. behind the retina.
4. a convex lens.
5. hyperopia.
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1. what cant short sighted people focus on?
2. how does this happen?
3.where is the image brought?
4.what lens fixes this?
5. what is the medical term for this?
6. what are three alternatives to glasses?
2. how does this happen?
3.where is the image brought?
4.what lens fixes this?
5. what is the medical term for this?
6. what are three alternatives to glasses?
1. distant objects.
2.lens refracts light too much or eyeball is too long.
3.in front of the retina.
4. concave lens
5.myopia
6. contact lenses, laser eye surgery and lens replacement surgery.
2.lens refracts light too much or eyeball is too long.
3.in front of the retina.
4. concave lens
5.myopia
6. contact lenses, laser eye surgery and lens replacement surgery.
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1.how do we maintain our body temperature?
2. what is the thermoregulatory centre?
2. what is the thermoregulatory centre?
1.by balancing the amount of energy gained and lost.
2. part of the brain that contains receptors sensitive to the temperature of blood flowing through the brain.
2. part of the brain that contains receptors sensitive to the temperature of blood flowing through the brain.
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body reactions: too hot
body reactions: too cold
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1. what are hormones?
2. what are the glands that produce them called?
3. what is the function of the pituitary gland?
4. what are the functions of the ovaries?
5.what are the functions of the testes?
6. what are the functions of the thyroid?
2. what are the glands that produce them called?
3. what is the function of the pituitary gland?
4. what are the functions of the ovaries?
5.what are the functions of the testes?
6. what are the functions of the thyroid?
1.chemical messengers sent in the blood.
2.endocrine glands
3.it produces many hormones that regulate body conditions
4.produces oestrogen
5.produces testosterone which controls puberty and sperm production.
6.produces thyroxine which regulates rate of me
2.endocrine glands
3.it produces many hormones that regulate body conditions
4.produces oestrogen
5.produces testosterone which controls puberty and sperm production.
6.produces thyroxine which regulates rate of me
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7. what are the functions of the adrenal gland?
8.what are the functions of the pancreas?
9. what do insulin and glucagon control?
10.what and where can excess glucose be stored as?
8.what are the functions of the pancreas?
9. what do insulin and glucagon control?
10.what and where can excess glucose be stored as?
7.produces adrenaline
8.produces insulin which regulates blood glucose levels.
9.blood glucose level
10. as glycogen in the liver and muscles.
8.produces insulin which regulates blood glucose levels.
9.blood glucose level
10. as glycogen in the liver and muscles.
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blood glucose level: too high
blood glucose level: too low
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1. explain type 1 diabetes
2. explain type 2 diabetes
2. explain type 2 diabetes
1.when the pancreas produces little or no insulin and so the blood glucose levels can rise to a fatal amount. they need insulin therapy - several insulin injections throughout the day which makes sure the excess glucose is removed from the blood.
2. a per
2. a per
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1. how to kidneys make urine?
2. what are then reabsorbed by the blood?
3.what is this process called?
4. what are some of the substances removed from the body in the urine?
2. what are then reabsorbed by the blood?
3.what is this process called?
4. what are some of the substances removed from the body in the urine?
1. by taking waste products out of your blood using filtration.
2.glucose, ions and some water
3. selective re-absorption
4.urea (proteins and amino acids),ions(such as sodium),and water.
2.glucose, ions and some water
3. selective re-absorption
4.urea (proteins and amino acids),ions(such as sodium),and water.
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1. what is the concentration of urine controlled by?
2. what is this released by?
3. what is the process of water content regulation controlled by?
2. what is this released by?
3. what is the process of water content regulation controlled by?
1. a hormone called anti-diuretic (ADH)
2.pituitary gland
3. negative feedback
2.pituitary gland
3. negative feedback
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1. what happens if your kidneys don't work properly?
2.what do dialysis machines do?
3.what happens in a dialysis machines?
2.what do dialysis machines do?
3.what happens in a dialysis machines?
1.waste substances build up in the blood and you loose your ability to control the levels of ions and water in your body.
2.they filter the blood
3. the blood flows between partially permeable membranes surrounded by dialysis fluid, its permeable to thing
2.they filter the blood
3. the blood flows between partially permeable membranes surrounded by dialysis fluid, its permeable to thing
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4. how many times a week and for how long do patients with kidney failure have to use dialysis?
5. what could dialysis cause?
6. how may stages does the menstrual cycle have?
7. what are they?
8. what are the four hormones that control the cycle?
5. what could dialysis cause?
6. how may stages does the menstrual cycle have?
7. what are they?
8. what are the four hormones that control the cycle?
4. 3 times a week for 3/4 hours.
5. blood clots or infections
6. four
7. menstruation starts, uterus lining rebuilds,egg develops and releases, wall is maintained.
8. FSH, Oestrogen, LH, Progesterone
5. blood clots or infections
6. four
7. menstruation starts, uterus lining rebuilds,egg develops and releases, wall is maintained.
8. FSH, Oestrogen, LH, Progesterone
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FSH
1.where is it produced?
2. what does it do in the cycle?
3. what else does it do?
1.where is it produced?
2. what does it do in the cycle?
3. what else does it do?
follicle-stimulating hormone:
1.produced in pituitary gland
2.causes an egg to mature in structure called a follicle
3.stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
1.produced in pituitary gland
2.causes an egg to mature in structure called a follicle
3.stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
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Oestrogen
1. where is it produced?
2.what does it do in the cycle?
3.what else does it do?
1. where is it produced?
2.what does it do in the cycle?
3.what else does it do?
1. produced in the ovaries.
2.causes ling of uterus to grow.
3.stimulates the release of LH and inhibits release of FSH.
2.causes ling of uterus to grow.
3.stimulates the release of LH and inhibits release of FSH.
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hormone contraceptive:
1. what is the pill?
2. how effective is it?
3.what is the patch?
4.what is the implant?
5.what is the injection?
6.what is the IUD?
1. what is the pill?
2. how effective is it?
3.what is the patch?
4.what is the implant?
5.what is the injection?
6.what is the IUD?
1. an oral contraceptive containing oestrogen and progesterone .
2. over 99%
3. same as pill but a patch
4. inserted under the skin and releases progesterone. lasts for 3 years.
5.contains progesterone
6.kills sperm and prevents implantation of a fertiliz
2. over 99%
3. same as pill but a patch
4. inserted under the skin and releases progesterone. lasts for 3 years.
5.contains progesterone
6.kills sperm and prevents implantation of a fertiliz
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barrier contraceptive:
1. what is a condom?
2.what is a diaphragm?
3.what is spermicide?
1. what is a condom?
2.what is a diaphragm?
3.what is spermicide?
1. a male or female device that also prevents STD's
2.a shallow plastic cup that fits over the cervix that needs to be used with spermicide.
3.spermicide kills sperm but its only 70-80% effective
2.a shallow plastic cup that fits over the cervix that needs to be used with spermicide.
3.spermicide kills sperm but its only 70-80% effective
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1. what is sterilization?
2. what are natural methods?
3. what is abstinence?
2. what are natural methods?
3. what is abstinence?
1.cutting or tying the Fallopian tubes or sperm duct.
2. using the menstrual cycle to see when someone is fertile
3.not having intercourse
2. using the menstrual cycle to see when someone is fertile
3.not having intercourse
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1. how can hormone be used to increase fertility?
2.what else can help couples have children?
2.what else can help couples have children?
1. by taking a fertility drug containing FSH and LH.
2.IVF
2.IVF
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1.what is auxin?
2.where is it found?
3.what does it control?
4.where is auxin produced?
5.which direction do shoots grow?
2.where is it found?
3.what does it control?
4.where is auxin produced?
5.which direction do shoots grow?
1.a plant growth hormone
2.near the tips of shoots and roots
3.the growth of a plant in response to light and gravity.
4. in the tips and moves backwards to stimulate cell elongation process.
5. towards light and away from gravity.
2.near the tips of shoots and roots
3.the growth of a plant in response to light and gravity.
4. in the tips and moves backwards to stimulate cell elongation process.
5. towards light and away from gravity.
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6. how does this happen?
6.when a shoot tip is exposed to light more auxin accumulates on the shade side making the cells elongate faster on this side making it bend to the light. when a shoot is growing sideways, there's more auxin on the lower side which make it grow up
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1.which way do roots grow?
2.how does this happen?
2.how does this happen?
1.towards gravity
2. a root growing sideways will have more auxin underneath but in roots, this inhibits growth meaning the top cells will elongate faster and the roots will grow downwards.
2. a root growing sideways will have more auxin underneath but in roots, this inhibits growth meaning the top cells will elongate faster and the roots will grow downwards.
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plant growth responses investigation:
1) put 10 cress seeds into 3 petri dishes lined with moist filter paper.
2)shine a light on each from above in different directions.
3)leave for one week and observe responses
4)variables to control are: number of seeds, type of seed, temperature, water,
2)shine a light on each from above in different directions.
3)leave for one week and observe responses
4)variables to control are: number of seeds, type of seed, temperature, water,
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1. what are the uses of auxins?
2.what stimulates plant stems to grow?
3. what is it?
4. what are its uses?
2.what stimulates plant stems to grow?
3. what is it?
4. what are its uses?
1. killing weeds, growing from cuttings with root powder and growing cells in tissue culture.
2.gibberellin
3.a plant hormone that stimulates seed germination, stem growth, and flowering.
4.controlling dormancy, inducing flowering, and growing larger fru
2.gibberellin
3.a plant hormone that stimulates seed germination, stem growth, and flowering.
4.controlling dormancy, inducing flowering, and growing larger fru
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5.what stimulates the ripening of fruit?
6.what is ethene and its uses?
6.what is ethene and its uses?
5.ethene
6.a gas produced by aging parts of plants that influences growth by controlling cell division. its used on unripened fruit in supermarkets and can also delay fruit in storage by blocking it.
6.a gas produced by aging parts of plants that influences growth by controlling cell division. its used on unripened fruit in supermarkets and can also delay fruit in storage by blocking it.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
1. what does the nervous system detect and react to?
2.how is the central nervous system connected to the body in mammals?
3.what are sensory neurones?
4. what are motor neurones?
5. what are effectors?
2.how is the central nervous system connected to the body in mammals?
3.what are sensory neurones?
4. what are motor neurones?
5. what are effectors?
Back
1. stimuli
2. through sensory neurones and motor neurones.
3. neurones that carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS.
4. neurones that carry electrical impulses from the
CNS to effectors.
5. all your muscles and glands which
2. through sensory neurones and motor neurones.
3. neurones that carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS.
4. neurones that carry electrical impulses from the
CNS to effectors.
5. all your muscles and glands which
Card 3
Front
6. what are receptors?
7. what is the central nervous system?
8.what is a synapse?
9.how are nerve signals transferred?
10. what do the chemicals do next?
7. what is the central nervous system?
8.what is a synapse?
9.how are nerve signals transferred?
10. what do the chemicals do next?
Back
Card 4
Front
1.what are reflexes?
2. what is the passage of information in a reflex?
3.what do the neurons in a reflex arc go through?
4. how can you measure reaction time?
5. what is the brain made of?
2. what is the passage of information in a reflex?
3.what do the neurons in a reflex arc go through?
4. how can you measure reaction time?
5. what is the brain made of?
Back
Card 5
Front
1. what does the Cerebral cortex control?
2.what does the medulla control?
3.what does the cerebellum control?
4. what methods do scientists use to map out the functions of sections of the brain?
2.what does the medulla control?
3.what does the cerebellum control?
4. what methods do scientists use to map out the functions of sections of the brain?
Back
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