Food security involves making sure that all the world's population is supplied with enough food to be healthy.
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What factors make it harder to supply people with enough food?
An increase in birth rates. Changing diets. New pests and pathogens. Changes in weather which affect food production. Cost of agricultural supplies. Conflicts affect water supply.
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Why are scientists trying to find sustainable methods to feed the world?
Sustainable methods increase food production and also leave enough resources for future generations.
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What does biotechnology do?
Biotechnology allows microorganisms to be grown in large quantities for food.
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What are these microorganisms grown in?
They are grown in industrial sized vats called fermenters, in which conditions are carefully controlled.
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What fungus is useful for producing mycoprotein?
Fusarium.
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What are some properties of mycoprotein?
Protein-rich, low in fat, high in fibre and suitable for vegetarians.
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How do you get mycoprotein?
The fungus is grown on glucose syrup and then harvested and purified.
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What is an example of a food containing mycoprotein?
Quorn.
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What can GM crops be useful for?
They can provide more food or food with an improved nutritional value.
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What can pyramids in biomass be used to compare?
The amount of biomass in each level of the food chain.
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What can these pyramids be viewed as better than food chains?
They show the energy flow through ecosystems more clearly than food chains.
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What do producers transfer?
They transfer about 1% of incoming light energy via photosynthesis.
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What trophic level are producers?
Trophic level 1 at the bottom of the pyramid.
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Why are pyramids of biomass shaped the way they are?
Only about 10% of biomass from each trophic level is transferred to the level above it.
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What is loss of biomass due to?
Food taken in being passed out in faeces. Large amounts of glucose in respiration. Material lost in excretion.
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What does this loss of biomass show?
It shows that there are usually fewer organisms in the higher trophic levels.
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How do they try and stop fish numbers decreasing?
They control the size of the nets used so only older fish are caught. They also set fishing quotas.
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How can you reduce the energy transfer from animals to the environment?
Limit the movements of the animals. Controlling the temperatures of the surroundings.
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How may growth in animals be promoted?
By feeding them high protein foods.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What factors make it harder to supply people with enough food?
Back
An increase in birth rates. Changing diets. New pests and pathogens. Changes in weather which affect food production. Cost of agricultural supplies. Conflicts affect water supply.
Card 3
Front
Why are scientists trying to find sustainable methods to feed the world?
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