Biology

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mutation
a change in genetic material of an organism
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natural selection
the process by which evolution takes place. Organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support. Only those that are most suited to their environment will survive to breed and pass on their useful characteristics to their offspring
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selective breeding
speeds up natural selection by selecting animals or plants for breeding that have a required characteristic
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tissue culture
speeds up natural selection by selecting animals or plants for breeding that have a required characteristic
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classification
the organisation of living organisms into groups according to their similarities
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species
the smallest group of clearly identified organisms in Linnaeus’s classification system, often described as a group of organisms that can breed together and produce fertile offsprin
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abundance
a measure of how common or rare a particular type of organism is in a given environment
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adaptations
special features that make an organism particularly well suited to the environment where it lives
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speciation
the process by which two species evolve from a single original species by natural selection
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evolutionary trees
models used to explain the evolutionary links between groups of organisms
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archaea
one of the three domains, containing primitive forms of bacteria that can live in many of the extreme environments of the world
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extinction
the permanent loss of all members of a species from an area or from the world
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domain
he highest level of classification. There are three domains – Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryota
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community
group of interdependant organisms in an ecosystem
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competition
the process by which living organisms compete with eachother forlimited rescources such as food, light or reproductive partners
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distribution
where particular types of organisms are found within an enviroment
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extremophile
an organism that can survive and reproduce in extreme conditions
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interdependence
the network of relationships between different organisms within a community, for example each
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quadrat
a sample area used for measuring the abundance and distribution of organisms in the field
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quantitative sampling
records the numbers of organisms rather than just the type
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transect
a measured line or area along which ecological measurements are made
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

natural selection

Back

the process by which evolution takes place. Organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support. Only those that are most suited to their environment will survive to breed and pass on their useful characteristics to their offspring

Card 3

Front

selective breeding

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

tissue culture

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

classification

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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