Biology-B1+B2-The Lungs+Exchange surfaces 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyCells, tissues and organsGCSEAQA Created by: tonisha_Created on: 28-03-22 19:03 The lungs are in the what? thorax 1 of 51 What is the thorax? the top part of our body 2 of 51 What are the lungs surrounded by? pleural membranes 3 of 51 What are the pleural membranes and its function? they are a thin lining around the lungs filled with fluid that reduces friction between the lungs and the chest walls 4 of 51 What two things are the lungs then protected by? intercoastal muscles ribcage 5 of 51 The air passes into the lungs through a tube called what? the trachea 6 of 51 What is an adaptation of the trachea? they have rings of cartilage which prevent it from collapsing when inhaling 7 of 51 What does the trachea then split into? two smaller tubes called bronchi 8 of 51 Further into the lungs, each bronchi subdivides into what? many smaller tubes called bronchioles 9 of 51 What do bronchioles have on their ends? tiny air sacs called alveoli 10 of 51 The alveoli is the? site of gas exchange 11 of 51 An alveolus is surrounded by a network of? network of blood capillaries 12 of 51 Oxygen from the _____ (____ concentration) diffuses into the ________ (________ concentration). air(high) bloodstream(low) 13 of 51 What are the four main adaptations of the alveoli? large surface area thin walls moist walls good blood supply 14 of 51 How is this beneficial? due to millions of alveoli in the lungs, this means more oxygen can be absorbed quicker 15 of 51 Alveoli have very thin walls. How is this beneficial? it provides a shorter diffusion path 16 of 51 Alveoli have a very good blood supply . How is this beneficial? it maintains the steep concentration gradient 17 of 51 Alveoli have moist walls. How is this beneficial? the gases dissolve more easily 18 of 51 What is something else which also increases the rate of diffusion? breathing 19 of 51 How does breathing increase the rate of diffusion? it brings in fresh oxygen into the alveoli and takes away the carbon dioxide 20 of 51 This makes the concentration gradient _______ for these gases high 21 of 51 What is breathing rate calculated in? breaths per minute 22 of 51 How do you calculate the breathing rate? breaths per min= number of breaths / number of minutes 23 of 51 The inside of the small intestines is covered with what? millions of villi 24 of 51 These are? finger like structures 25 of 51 This increases? surface area 26 of 51 So that _____ _____ is ______ much quicker into the blood? digested food is absorbed much quicker 27 of 51 This is because they have only a _____ layer of ______ ____? a single layer of surface cells 28 of 51 Very good? blood supply 29 of 51 What two other things are adapted for gas exchange? fish leaves 30 of 51 What diffuses in and a leaf? CO2 31 of 51 One way this is effective is because leaves contain little holes called? stomata 32 of 51 Where? underneath the leaf 33 of 51 What two things diffuse out the stomata? oxygen water vapour 34 of 51 The size of the stomata is controlled by? guard cells 35 of 51 If it is night or plant is losing too much water what will happen? guard cells close stomata otherwise plant will wilt 36 of 51 What else is there inside the leaf? lots of air spaces 37 of 51 This makes it easier for? CO2 to diffuse through 38 of 51 Fish get their oxygen from? the water 39 of 51 The water enters the fish through its? mouth 40 of 51 And flows over the? gills 41 of 51 As this happens, the oxygen in the water ? diffuses into the blood 42 of 51 The blood is in? the gills 43 of 51 This blood will become? oxygenated 44 of 51 And be returned? to the body 45 of 51 The CO2 from the blood will? diffuse into the water 46 of 51 Each gill is made of lots of? filaments 47 of 51 This gives the gills a large? surface area 48 of 51 They also have a thin? membrane to provide a shorter diffusion path 49 of 51 They also have a good supply of? blood 50 of 51 To maintain? high conc gradient 51 of 51
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