Biological Psychology L4

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What is sensory processing?
Interpreting information our senses receive from the environment
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5 Types of sensory systems?
Mechanical, visual, thermal, chemical and electrical
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Do human brains have a limit of capacity?
Yes
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How does vision work
Like a camera, the world is projected onto the eyes
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Our visual system is interpretive and constructive. What does this mean?
Brain interprets visual input
Brain constructs a representation of the world around us
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What are our sensory impressions influenced by?
Context, emotional state, past experiences
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Why does the visual system contract and interpret?
Because visual input can be ambiguous and contain insufficient information. Along with the input can often be overwhelming
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Functional organisation of the visual system
1) The retina
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What are the two types of photoreceptors?
Cones - colour sensitive, packed in fovea
Rods - important for night vision, black and white at night
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How does vision get from the eye to the brain (1)
Visual info leaves eyes via the optic nerve, and the info crosses over in the optic chiasm and goes to the opposite hemisphere.
Visual info goes through the LGN (part of the thalamus), and the LGN directs visual info to the visual cortex in the brain.
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What are the two principles of vision?
Vision is hierarchical - starts by processing most simple properties and working its way up (dots - lines- edges - objects - movement)
Vision is modular - specific areas of the brain deal with specific info
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Where is vision controlled in the brain
Occipital lobe/cortex
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What happens in the V1 - primary visual cortex
1) spatial layout of inputs from retina are preserved
2) Left V1 has retinotopic map of left visual field and vice versa.
3) Focuses on basic properties of input ( lines, edges) and passes it onto higher areas
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What happens when V1 is lost or damaged
lost - cortical blindness
damage - blindness in related part of visual field
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What happens in area V4
Color perception, and neurons in v4 respond well to to more complex features or combination of features. the neurons are sensitive curvature.
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What happens if the v4 is damaged?
Damage to both leads to loss of colour vision (achromatopsia), only in one hemisphere results in loss of colour perception in one eye.
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What happens in area V5?
important for motion perception, the neurons here are direction sensitive so they respond to certain ranges of motion.
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What is area v5 is damaged?
Damage leads to motion blindness.
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What does the Lateral Occipital complex (LOC) do?
Object recognition
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What does the Fusiform face area do?
FFA responds strongly to faces.
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What does the PPA do?
Responds best to houses, landmarks, and indoor and outdoor scenes
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What does the ventral pathway do?
Leads from V1 to temporal lobe, important for representing what objects are.
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What does the dorsal pathway do?
Leads from V1 to parietal lobe that is important for representing where things are.
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Reading?
Kolb ch.9
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Card 2

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5 Types of sensory systems?

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Mechanical, visual, thermal, chemical and electrical

Card 3

Front

Do human brains have a limit of capacity?

Back

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Card 4

Front

How does vision work

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Our visual system is interpretive and constructive. What does this mean?

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