The net movement of molecules form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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Describe diffusion.
Only certain molecules e.g. non-polar, small molecules like CO2 and O2 can diffuse through phospholipids.
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What are factors affecting the rate of diffusion?
1)Concentration gradient.2)Temperature.3)Surface area.4)Width of membrane.
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What is facilitated diffusion?
The net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration with the help of transport proteins.
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Describe facilitated diffusion.
1)Large polar molecules can't diffuse through phospholipids.2)Carrier proteins are specific and let complementary molecules through.
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What are factor affecting the rate of facilitated diffusion?
1)Difference in concentration.2)Temperature.3)Surface area.4)Width of membrane.5)Number of proteins.
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What is osmosis?
The movement of water molecules from high water potential to low water potential across a partially permeable membrane.
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What are factors affecting the rate of osmosis?
1)Difference in water potential.2)Temperature.3)Surface area.4)Width of membrane.
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What is active transport?
The movement of substances moving againt the cincentration gradient (low to high conc) across a cell membrane using ATP and travelling through carrier proteins.
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Describe active transport.
1)ATP's energy is stored in bonds, so its energy is released during hydrolysis.2)Active tranport uses ATP and carrier proteins to allow specific molecules to travel through.
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What is endocytosis and exocytosis?
The bulk movement of molecules into (endocytosis) and out of (exocytosis) a cell.
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What is a hypertonic solution?
A solution that has a lower (more negative) water potential.
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What is a hypotonic solution?
A solution that has a higher (less negative) water potential.
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What is an isotonic solution?
A solution that has the same water potential.
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What is incipient plasmolysis?
When the cytoplasm of a plant cell begins to shrink away from the cell wall.
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What happens to an animal cell when placed in a hypotonic solution?
Water enters the cell, causing it to swell. It could burst (lysis).
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What happens to an animal cell when placed in an isotonic solution?
Water enters and leaves the cell equally.
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What happens to an animal cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?
Water leaves the cell, causing it to shrink and crenate.
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What happens to a plant cell when placed in a hypotonic solution?
Water enter cell, it swells and becomes turgid.
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What happens to a plant cell when placed in n isotopic solution?
No net movement of water.
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What happens to a plant cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?
Water leaves cell, cytoplasm shrinks and plasmolyses.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is diffusion?
Back
The net movement of molecules form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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