Living Organisms fit into either 2 categories, cell wise. What are these 2 categories?
Organisms can be Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes
1 of 25
What are Eukaryotes?
Living Organisms that are made from complex cells called eukaryotic cells.E.g. animals & plants
2 of 25
What are Prokaryotes?
Living organisms that are smaller & are made from simpler cells called Prokaryotic cells
3 of 25
What are sub-cellular structures?
Parts of cells that each have a specific function
4 of 25
Name all the sub-cellular structures within an animal cell.
Nucleus,Cytoplasm,Mitochondria,Cell Membrane
5 of 25
Name all the sub-cellular structures within a plant cell.
Nucleus,Cytoplasm,Mitochondria,Cell Membrane,Cell Wall,Chloroplasts-they have everything an animal cell has but 2 more things as well
6 of 25
What is the role of the Nucleus?
It contains DNA (genetic material) in the form of Chromosomes that control the cell's activities
7 of 25
What is the role of the Cytoplasm?
It is a cell-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen
8 of 25
What is the Mitochondria?
These are the site of cellular respiration & contain enzymes needed for the reactions involved
9 of 25
What is the Cell Membrane?
Holds the cell together & controls what goes in and out by providing a selective barrier. They also contain receptor molecules that are used for cell communication, e.g.by hormones
10 of 25
In a prokaryotic cell what are all the sub-cellular structures called?
Chromosomal DNA,Plasmids,Cell Membrane
11 of 25
What is the Chromosomal DNA?
One long circular chromosome, floating free in the cytoplasm-NOT in the nucleus, supported by a Cell Wall
12 of 25
What is its function?
controls the cell's activities & replication
13 of 25
What plasmids & what do they do?
Small loops of extra DNA that aren't part of the chromosome. Plasmids contain genes for things like drug resistance & can be passed between bacteria
14 of 25
What equipment do we use in order to study cells?
Microscopes
15 of 25
What do Microscopes do?
They magnify images and increase the resolution too-make them look bigger
16 of 25
What is resolution?
How well a microscope distinguishes between 2 points that are close together.If you increase the resolution, you increase the detail you can see in
17 of 25
Name 2 different types of microscopes
Light Microscopes & Electron Microscopes
18 of 25
When was light microscope invented?
in 1590s
19 of 25
when was electron microscope invented?
in 1930s
20 of 25
What do light microscopes allow us to see?
sub-cellular structures like nuclei & chloroplasts
21 of 25
What do electron microscopes allow us to see?
they let us see much smaller things in more detail e.g. internal structure of mitochondria
22 of 25
Which type of microscope would you use to view plasmids/viruses?
only electron microscopes
23 of 25
What's the fancy term for electron microscopes?
Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEMs)
24 of 25
What are the advantages & disadvantages of TEMs?
Have a higher magnification & resolution than light microscopes but they're not portable, they're expensive. Also it's a complicated process to prepare specimens for use-they can't use living tissue,unlike light microscopes
25 of 25
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are Eukaryotes?
Back
Living Organisms that are made from complex cells called eukaryotic cells.E.g. animals & plants
Card 3
Front
What are Prokaryotes?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are sub-cellular structures?
Back
Card 5
Front
Name all the sub-cellular structures within an animal cell.
Comments
No comments have yet been made