B1.1 OCR Gateway (Double) Cell Structures 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCells, tissues and organsGCSEOCR Created by: Jjp2002Created on: 09-12-18 15:39 Do eukaryotic cells have nuclei? Yes 1 of 28 What is the eukaryotic cell size range? Between 10 an 100 micrometres 2 of 28 What is the prokaryotic cell size range? Between 1 and 10 micrometres 3 of 28 What are the (main) animal cell organelles? Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria 4 of 28 What are the (main) plant cell organelles that aren't in animal cells? Cell wall, chloroplast, vacuole 5 of 28 Why do plant cells have chloroplasts? To contain chlorophyll (for photosynthesis) 6 of 28 How many cells does a bacterium have? 1 (unicellular) 7 of 28 What are the (main) prokaryotic cell organelles? Cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, free genetic material 8 of 28 What are (some) prokaryotic cell adaptations? Flagellum, pili, plasmid, slime capsule 9 of 28 What is the function of the nucleus? Controls cell activities, stores genetic material, stores instructions for making new cell or organism 10 of 28 What is the function of the cell membrane? Controls what substances enter/exit the cell, contains receptor molecules 11 of 28 What is the function of the cytoplasm? Where chemical reactions that keep the cell alive occur (gel-like) 12 of 28 What is the function of the mitochondria? Where respiration occurs, enzymes enable oxygen and glucose to react together, reactions transfer vital energy to the organism 13 of 28 What is the function of the cell wall? Supports the cell and helps it keep shape 14 of 28 What is the function of the vacuole? Supports the cells and helps it keep shape, full of cell sap 15 of 28 What is the function of the chloroplast? Contain chlorophyll 16 of 28 What is the function of chlorophyll? Transfer energy from the sun as light for photosynthesis, found in green parts of plants 17 of 28 What are some examples of prokaryotes? E.coli (food poisoning), Streptococcus bacteria (sore throats), Streptomyces bacteria (source of Streptomycin antibiotic) 18 of 28 What is free genetic material like? One long chromosome (bacterial chromosome), usually circular, floats freely in cytoplasm 19 of 28 What is the function of the flagellum? Tail like structure to help bacteria move around in liquids 20 of 28 What is the function of the plasmid? Stores extra DNA for times of stress 21 of 28 What is the function of the pili? Hair like structures that help cell stick to surfaces, transfer genetic material 22 of 28 What is the function of the slime capsule? Layer outside cell wall, protects against drying out and poisonous substances, helps stick to smooth surfaces 23 of 28 What is light microscopy? Light shines through glass slide with specimen and through the lenses 24 of 28 What stain is used to see the cytoplasm? Eosin 25 of 28 What is Iodine stain used to see? Plant nuclei 26 of 28 What is a Transmission Electron Microscope? TEM; beam of electrons through thin sample and beam is focused to produce an image 27 of 28 What is a Scanning Electron Microscope? SEM; sends beam of electrons across surface of specimen and reflected electrons collected to produce an image 28 of 28
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