B ; chartism ; far ach aims '50 ; emergence factors in 30s

?
when were Six Points of the People's Charter approved?
august 1838
1 of 115
where?
radical meeting in birmingham
2 of 115
what was the charter only concerned with?
political reform
3 of 115
to be achieved by which six pts?
universal male suffrage / secret ballot / mp payment / equal constituencies / abolition mp property qual / annual parliament
4 of 115
what three things had silenced political debate before this?
peterloo / six acts / economic revival of 20s
5 of 115
whose reform interest was revived in late 20s?
wc interest
6 of 115
what types of organisations gained wide wc supp?
mc orgs e.g bpu
7 of 115
these organisations were instrumental in passing of what?
32 reform act
8 of 115
whose reform expectations unfulfilled?
wc / trade unionists
9 of 115
what did they regard this franchise exclusion another example of that they were deeply opposed to?
sustained whig gov assault on their rights and priveliges
10 of 115
for many, whigs seemed more repressive than whose post-war gov?
liverpool
11 of 115
disillusion with which two things pushed people to reform?
reform act and whig gov post-32
12 of 115
what is the most important eco factor?
cyclical trade depressions 38-50
13 of 115
what economic things did the reformists see the whigs attacking?
trade unions
14 of 115
and the whigs failed to provide effective reform of?
factory conditions
15 of 115
IRISH COERCION ACT 1833
SIGNS
16 of 115
when was the catholic relief act?
1829
17 of 115
which did what?
freed catholics from most civil disabilities
18 of 115
allowing irish catholics to turn attention to attacking what?
payment of tithes to anglican church of ireland
19 of 115
what led the government to act?
violent farmer / police clashes + breakdown law and order
20 of 115
when was the irish coercion act?
1833
21 of 115
what type of legislation was it?
extremely repressive
22 of 115
what was the lord lieutenant of ireland given the power to do?
suppress any public meetings
23 of 115
what becam commonplace?
arbitrary arrest
24 of 115
and how were offenders now tried rather tan civic courts?
court martial
25 of 115
what did this suggest to radicals in britain?
if whigs prepared to act that badly in ireland they may extend to all british radicalism
26 of 115
where were there demonstrations to the act?
all england and scotland
27 of 115
mass meetings in which three places marked revival of radical activity?
manchester / birmingham / nottingham
28 of 115
WHIGS AND THE TRADE UNIONS
DFGN
29 of 115
when was the repeal of the combination acts?
1824
30 of 115
what did this lead to the est of?
many trade unions
31 of 115
what were the combination acts?
1799-1800 banned trade unions and attempts at collective bargaining
32 of 115
what kind of things and size were these tus?
small mainly usually just one trade and locality
33 of 115
what did robert owen establish?
the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union (GNCTU)
34 of 115
what did he intend to do here?
bring workers from whole nation under one wide trade union with enhanced power from mass membership
35 of 115
how long did it take the whigs to destroy the GNCTU?
6 months
36 of 115
what did six farm labourers in tolpuddle do?
agreed form TU and swore oath to keep activity secret
37 of 115
what did gov consider crime?
secret oathes
38 of 115
so what happened to them?
convicted and sentenced to 7yrs transportation
39 of 115
what was the consequence of this?
national outcry and demonstrations in LDN and manufacturing towns
40 of 115
how many people signed the national petition to parliament?
800,000
41 of 115
what then happened to the men?
sentences cancelled after 3yrs and sent home but damage done
42 of 115
what happened after all this palava?
GNCTU no more but local TUs cont'd
43 of 115
what other event confirmed gov determination to limit TU power?
glasgow weavers strike
44 of 115
when?
1837
45 of 115
which led to how many leaders of what org being tried on various charges?
18 leaders Spinner's Union
46 of 115
what were they sentenced to?
7yrs transportation
47 of 115
what did these TU attacks intensify?
WC whig hatred
48 of 115
WAR OF THE UNSTAMPED 1831-36
DFIOGND
49 of 115
why had newspapers been taxed since 1712?
restrict circulation and keep out of wc hands
50 of 115
in 1830s every copy of british newspaper paid how mych tax?
4p
51 of 115
which meant what?
press 2 spenny 4 ordinary ppl
52 of 115
what did henry hetherinton found in 1831?
the poor man's guardian
53 of 115
which sold for?
1p
54 of 115
why could it?
unstamped
55 of 115
within two years the guardian had a weekly circulation of?
220,000 copies
56 of 115
how did government try stop hetherington from publishing?
fines / imprisonment / destruction printing presses
57 of 115
did it work?
nah, not even
58 of 115
what did his (+others) sustained pressure lead gov to reduce stamp tax to?
1p
59 of 115
in?
1836
60 of 115
and what about pamphlet tax?
abolished
61 of 115
what did this movement's success evidence?
that co-ordinated campaign of pressure could force gv change
62 of 115
therfore emboldening?
og chartist leaders e.g lovett
63 of 115
FACTORY ACT 1833
DIFGND
64 of 115
what did many reformers campaign for in the late 1700s?
gov regulation of factory system
65 of 115
specifically focussing on what?
long working hours for adults and children
66 of 115
what 1820s measures did sir robert peel sponsor?
limit hours children
67 of 115
but why were they largely ignored?
no regulation
68 of 115
who took up the case for reform again in 1830?
richard oastler
69 of 115
at this time what was there considerable public support for abolishing?
slavery in british empire
70 of 115
when was slave trade itself abolished?
1807
71 of 115
when and how did his campaign begin?
letter in leeds mercury in oct 1830
72 of 115
what did he call working conditions in factories?
'yorkshire slavery'
73 of 115
what did he organise in yshire / lshire
'short time committees'
74 of 115
campaigning for?
10-hr day for all factory workers
75 of 115
what was this movement called?
the ten hour movement
76 of 115
which led to whigs doing what?
trying neutralise by proposing own changes
77 of 115
when was the factory act?
1833
78 of 115
said that factory owners couldn't employ children under what age?
9
79 of 115
and those aged 9-18 could work maximum of?
12hrs
80 of 115
what were child workders to also be given?
some form of education
81 of 115
and how many inspectors were appt to enforce?
four
82 of 115
what had short time committees hoped?
legislation would be introduced to regulate adult employment
83 of 115
but what had whigs hoped limited reform aimed @ young ppl would do?
weaken appeal of 10hr movement
84 of 115
who later joined chartist movement?
many committee members
85 of 115
believing political reforms would lead to what?
legislation for improved factor legislation
86 of 115
POOR LAW AMENDMENT ACT 1834
SIDGNDS
87 of 115
what did this act produce the most of?
sustained opposition and resistance
88 of 115
until 1834 what was poor relief provision governed by?
elizabethan poor law of 1601
89 of 115
which allowed poor to do what?
stay in own homes and and claim assistance by outdoor relief
90 of 115
by 1830s why was this relief system under strain?
population had almost doubled since 1601 and sev areas industrialised w/ densely populated towns
91 of 115
who especially had frequently called for poor law reform?
middle class ratepayers
92 of 115
what did the 1834 act reflect the reccomendations of?
royal commission set up in 1832
93 of 115
what was the new principle for poor relief called?
'less eligibility'
94 of 115
what did this mean?
those who sought relief from parish would recieve less than lowest-paid worker
95 of 115
what did commission also recommend be abolished?
outdoor relief
96 of 115
and poor should only be supported if they left homes and went?
to workhouse
97 of 115
what was important abou the workhouse conditions?
deliberately unpleasant
98 of 115
though many parishes came together to make workhouses which instructions were ignored?
no more outdoor relief
99 of 115
what did outdoor relief remain?
most common form relief through 1800s
100 of 115
when was act applied to rural south from?
1836
101 of 115
and reaction?
little serious opposition
102 of 115
where was its operation not suited to?
economic condition of industrial towns
103 of 115
because of what cycle?
trade cycle
104 of 115
which was important for which types of towns?
textile
105 of 115
because what did they experience periods of?
almost full employment but then in downturn almost no employment
106 of 115
why almost no employment in bad textile times?
v little jobs outside of textiles
107 of 115
when was the ac extended to northern towns?
1837
108 of 115
which coincided with which cycle stage?
employment depression
109 of 115
in the years?
1838-42
110 of 115
what had town workers gained valuable org. exp. from?
short time committees
111 of 115
and so what organisations did they transfer thse skills to from 37?
Anti-Poor Law Committees
112 of 115
what did they call the workhouses?
'poor law bastilles'
113 of 115
what led to an attack on workhouses in stockport?
food riot
114 of 115
in?
1842
115 of 115

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

where?

Back

radical meeting in birmingham

Card 3

Front

what was the charter only concerned with?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

to be achieved by which six pts?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what three things had silenced political debate before this?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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