- An H- Alpha filter - Absorbs all sunlight apart from a narrow range of wavelengths.
- Telescopic projection - Baffle is used to absorb most solar radiation until it enters the telescope
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How hot is the Umbra, Penumbra and Photosphere?
3800 K
5600 K
5800 K
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What are the orders of the Suns layers in order?
1. Core
2. Radiative zone
3. Convective Zone
4. Photosphere
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How hot are the Layers?
1. 15 Million K
2. 7 Million K to 2 Million K
3. 2 Million K
4. 5800 K
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What is the Temperature and relative density of the solar atmosphere?
1. Corona 2 Million K
2. Chromosphere 2000Km, 4000k - 100,000 K
3. Photosphere 100km - 5800K
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What is the equation for mean solar spots?
rotat period / time interval = 360/ Difference in longitude.
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What is the solar wind?
It is an outflow of charged particles from the sun's corona ejected into space.
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What are the inner and outer layer of the Van allen belts?
Inner - Protons
Outer - Electrons
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What are Dwarf Planets?
They have Sufficent mass to be spheriucal but lack the gravitational force needed to sweep their orbits clear of other debris, except for ceres.
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What are the SSSO's?
Asteroids <1000Km
Meteroids and Comets (Compacted snowballs)
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What is the structure of a Comet?
Nucleus - Ice snow and rocky dust.
Coma - of gas and dust usually near the sun
Tail - One or more pointing away from the sun
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What are short period comets?
Periods < 200 y and are thought to be from the Kuiper Belt.
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What are Long period comets?
>200 y thought to come from the Oort Cloud
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What are the Meteoroids Phases?
Meteoroids - In space
Meteor - Falling
Meteorites - On the surface.
(origin, Asteroid belt, mars and the moon)
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What did Halley do?
Used geometry of Venus's transit to calculate the distance from the Earth to Venus then the earth to the sun calling them Astronomical Units (AU)
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What are the theories of water's Orgin?
- Produced by primordial Volcanoes
- Deposited by comets and or giant asteroids.
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What are the 4 types of space probes?
- Fly by - Missions in which they explore many planets.
- Orbiter - Mapping and Measuring planets while in orbit.
- Impactor - artificial moonquakes
- Lander - Probes landing upon surfaces
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What are the 5 Examples of these Missions?
Fly by - New Horizons
Orbiter - Juno or Dawn
Impactor - Deep Impact
Lander - Philae
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What were the main features of the Apollo Program
- Three manned aircraft
- To land on the moon.
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How are planets formed?
By accretion, which small bits collide and stick with each other forming larger flakes.
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What is the frost line?
5au from the sun, which makes it cold enough for water, methane and carbon dioxide to freeze.
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How are Gas Giants formed?
By drawing with accretion massive amounts of hydrogen and helium on the outer solar system.
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What are the 2 factors in the presence of an atmosphere?
- A planet's mass, greater gravitational pull.
- Temperature the hotter the temperature the more likely they will escape gravity.
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What are the 3 things that collisions can cause?
- Mercury Iron Cores occupies 60% of its volume due to a collision of a protoplanet.
- Changes in axial tilts.
- Numerous impact craters on objects.
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How can Tidal forces affect moons.
Tidal forces, create tidal heating so the moon is slowed until it is Synchronous, this also causes 'internal friction'.
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Which orbits in 4:2:1
Io , Europa and Ganymede.
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What are Lagrangian points?
Those at which the combined gravitational force due to two relatively massive bodies, is equal to the centripetal force needed for an orbit.
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What are the 2 elements for Life?
- Carbon: making more complex organic molecules.
- Water: in its liquid state, this is an excellent solvent and as transport for many nutrients.
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What is Drake Equations?
N = #Stars x Fpx x nHZ x Fl x Fi x Fc
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What does the Objective lens and eye piece do do?
Collects as much light as possible and focuses the light to small bright image. then to an eye piece to increase detail.
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What are the prime factors of an telescope?
- The more light enters the telescope, making images brighter.
- The sharper the image, the higher the amount of detail that can be resolved.
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What is a telescopes light grasp?
It is a measure how much light is captured by the objective element so:
Light grasp DP area DP diameter of objective lens.
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How is resolution is affected?
- Light grasp
- Longer the wavelength
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What is the Equation for Magnification?
Mag = Focal len of obj/focal length of eyepi
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What are the two basic types of telescopes.
Refractors and Reflectors.
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Describe an Newtonian reflector.
Light is reflected on a concave parabolic mirror into a plane mirror, into an eyepiece.
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Describe an Cassegrainian Reflector.
Light is reflected by a concave mirror into a convex mirror then into an eyepiece hole inside the concave mirror.
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What is chromatic aberration?
It is when refractors tend to focus wavelengths of light to slightly different points.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How hot is the Umbra, Penumbra and Photosphere?
Back
3800 K
5600 K
5800 K
Card 3
Front
What are the orders of the Suns layers in order?
Back
Card 4
Front
How hot are the Layers?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the Temperature and relative density of the solar atmosphere?
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