aerobic respiration

define coenzyme

A molecule which aids the function of an enzyme by transferring a chemical group from one molecule to another

1 of 20

name the order of the steps in aerobic respiration

Glycolysis, link reaction, krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

2 of 20

why does glycolysis take place

in the cytoplasm

3 of 20

name and explain the first process of glycolysis

Phosphorylation. Glucose is phosphorylated by adding a phosphate from a molecule of ATP, creating molecule of hexose phosphate and ADP. Then hexose phosphate is phosphorylated by ATP, creating hexose bisphosphate and ADP. Split into 2 molecules of TP

4 of 20

name and explain the second step of glycolysis

Oxidation. TP is oxidised, forming 2 molecules pyruvate. NAD collects hydrogen creating 2 reduced NAD. 4 ATP produced, so net gain of 2 ATP

5 of 20

explain the processes in the link reaction

Pyruvate is actively transported into the matrix of the mitochondria. Pyruvate is decarboxylated (one carbon atom is removed as CO2). Pyruvate is oxidised by NAD, forms acetate and reduced NAD. Acetate combined with CoA forming acetyl CoA. No ATP

6 of 20

what is the krebs an overall name for and where does it occur?

A series of redox reactions. Occurs in matrix

7 of 20

name and explain the first step in the krebs cycle

Formation of citrate. Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate, forming citrate (citric acid). The reaction is catalysed by citrate synthase. CoA goes back to link reaction to be reused

8 of 20

name and explain the second step in the krebs cycle

Formation of a 5 carbon compund. 6C citrate converted to a 5C molecule by carboxylation. Dehydrogenation also occurs, producing reduced NAD from NAD

9 of 20

name and explain the third step in the krebs cycle

Regeneration of oxaloacetate. 5C molecule converted to a 4C molecule using intermediate compounds.Decarboxylation and dehydrogenation occur, producing a molecule of reduced FAD and 2 molecules reduced NAD

10 of 20

step one of oxidative phosphorylation

Hydrogen atoms are released from reduced NAD and reduced FAD as they're oxidised to NAD and FAD. Hydrogen atoms split into H+ ions and electrons

11 of 20

step two of oxidative phosphorylation

The electrons move along the electron transport chain (located in inner mitochondrial membrane) and lose energy at each carrier

12 of 20

step three of oxidative phosphorylation

This energy is used by electron carriers to pump protons from mitochondrial matrix to intermembrane space

13 of 20

step four of oxidative phosphorylation

This causes a higher concentrations of protons in intermembrane space than mitochondrial matrix (called electrochemical gradient)

14 of 20

step five of oxidative phosphorylation

Protons move down this gradient back into mitochondrial matrix via ATP synthase

15 of 20

step six of oxidative phosphorylation

This movement drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (chemiosmosis-production of ATP driven by H+ ions movement across membrane)

16 of 20

step seven of oxidative phosporylation

In the mitochondrial matrix at the end of the transport chain, the protons, electrons and oxygen (from blood) combine to form water. (oxygen is the final electron acceptor)

17 of 20

what two processes occur in the mitochondria matrix

Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle

18 of 20

what are the products of glycolysis

2ATP + 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH

19 of 20

what are the products of the link reaction

2 acetylCoA + 2 CO(2) + 2 NADH

20 of 20

Get Revising

aerobic respiration

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Similar Biology resources:

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Related discussions on The Student Room

Similar Biology resources: