Who were trained in the
Neogrammarian school of linguistic thought ?
F. de Saussure, A. Meillet, F. Boas, E. Sapir, L. Bloomfield
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What did they create ?
Structuralism (a movement that had different
manifestations in Europe and in North America)
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Cour de linguistique generale (Saussure)
1. Synchronic vs diachronic linguistics
2. Linguistic system(langue) vs the actual utterances produced by a speaker (parole)
3. The arbitrariness of the sign (signifiant/signifié) → remember the nature/convention
debate from the Stoics of Ancient Greece
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What does synchronic vs dyachronic liguistics means ?
Synchronic linguistics is the study of language at any given point in time while diachronic linguistics is the study of language through different periods in history
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And signifiant signifié ?
signifiant : le cheval mot (acoustique)
Signifié : aspect conceptuel, sens -> image
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Work on English phonetics
Daniel
Jones (1881-1967) → birth of the IPA
(French-English collaboration)
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Articulatory phonetics
the study of how sounds are produced (us)
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Acoustic phonetics
the study of the physical properties of sounds
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Auditory phonetics
the study of the perception of sounds
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Phonology
the study of the system of speech sounds that allow
humans to distinguish meaning, as presumably represented in the
mind (i.e., the abstract aspect of sounds)
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phonemes and allophones
a phoneme will be /t/ but and allophone will be the different ways to produce that /t/
[th], [t], [ɾ], [ʔ].
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What creates a new world
changing a phoneme
[bʌtər] vs. [mʌtər]
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but the pronunciation ?
allophone : different accents
of the same language (the symbols are close, from the same t family)
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what are applications of distinctive feature analysis to semantics
[+animate, +human, -adult, +male]
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What did they create ?
Back
Structuralism (a movement that had different
manifestations in Europe and in North America)
Card 3
Front
Cour de linguistique generale (Saussure)
Back
Card 4
Front
What does synchronic vs dyachronic liguistics means ?
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