18.Electrochemistry 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryElectrochemistryUniversityNone Created by: kpaul1234Created on: 24-05-21 13:43 Define the half-reaction method a method for balancing redox equations 1 of 26 Define Electrochemistry the area of chemistry concerned with the interconversion of chemical and electrical energy 2 of 26 Define a galvanic cell an electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous chemical reaction generates an electric current 3 of 26 Define an electrode a conductor through which electrical current enters or leaves a cell 4 of 26 Define an anode the electrode at which oxidation takes place 5 of 26 Define a cathode the electrode at which reduction takes place 6 of 26 Define electromotive force the electrical potential that pushes electrons away from the anode and pulls them toward the cathode 7 of 26 Define standard cell potential E the cell potential when both reactants and products are in their standard states 8 of 26 Define a Faraday the electrical charge on 1 mol of electrons (96,485 C/mol e-) 9 of 26 Define Standard Reduction Potential E the standard potential for a reduction half-cell 10 of 26 Define a Standard Hydrogen Electrode (S.H.E) a reference half-cell consisting of a platinum electrode in contact with H2 gas and aqueous H+ ions at standard-state conditions 11 of 26 Define standard electrode potential the standard potential for a reduction half-cell 12 of 26 State the Nernst Equation an equation for calculating cell potentials under non-standard-state conditions; E = E° - (RT ln Q)/(nF) 13 of 26 Define a battery an electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous chemical reaction generates an electric current 14 of 26 Define corrosion the oxidative deterioration of a metal, such as the conversion of iron to rust 15 of 26 Define galvanising a process for protecting steel from corrosion by coating it with zinc 16 of 26 Define cathodic protection a technique for protecting a metal from corrosion by connecting it to a second metal that is more easily oxidized 17 of 26 Define an electrolytic cell an electrochemical cell in which an electric current drives a nonspontaneous reaction 18 of 26 Define electrolysis the process of using an electric current to bring about chemical change 19 of 26 Define the Hall-Heroult process the commercial method for producing aluminum by electrolysis of a molten mixture of aluminum oxide and cryolite 20 of 26 Define electrofining the purification of a metal by means of electrolysis 21 of 26 Define electroplating the coating of one metal on the surface of another using electrolysis 22 of 26 Define overpotential the required additional voltage 23 of 26 State the Relationships between the free-energy change and the cell potential for a redox reaction ∆G = -nFE and ∆G° = -nFE° where n is the number of moles of electrons transferred in the cell reaction and F = 96,500 C>mol e- is the faraday 24 of 26 State the Nernst equation E = E° - RT/nF ln Q or E = E° - 2.303 RT/nF log Q which can be simplified to: E = E° - 0.0592 V/n log Q in volts, at 25°C 25 of 26 State the Relationship between the standard cell potential and the equilibrium constant E° = RT/nF ln K = 2.303 RT/nF log K which can be simplified to: E° = 0.0592 V/n log K in volts, at 25 °C 26 of 26
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