14.3- A reflex arc

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  • Created by: Megan2413
  • Created on: 06-11-17 16:58
What does the CNS consist of?
Brain and spinal cord
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What does CNS stand for?
Central nervous system
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What does the PNS consist of?
Pairs of nerves that originate from either the brain or the spinal cord
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What does PNS stand for?
Peripheral nervous system
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What is the peripheral nervous system divided up in to?
- Sensory neurones - Motor neurones
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Where do sensory neurones carry nerve impulses from and to?
From the receptor to the CNS
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Where do the motor neurones carry nerve impulses from and to?
From the CNS to the effector
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What are the two subdivisions of the motor neurone system?
- Voluntary nervous system - Autonomic nervous system
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What is the voluntary nervous system?
It carries nerve impulses to the muscles in the body under voluntary (conscious) control
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What is the autonomic nervous system?
It carries nervous impulses to the glands, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle under involuntary (unconscious) control
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Is the mechanism of breathing part of the voluntary nervous system or autonomic nervous system?
Autonomic nervous system
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What is the spinal cord?
It is a column of nervous tissue that runs along the back and lies inside the vertebral column for protection. Emerging at intervals along the spinal cord are pairs of nerves.
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Which neurone is found inside the spinal cord in the vertebral column?
Intermediate neurone
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What is a reflex?
A rapid, short-lived, localised and immediate and involuntary response to a harmful stimulus for survival
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What is the order of a reflex arc?
Stimulus > Receptor > Sensory neurone > Coordinator > Intermediate neurone > Motor neurone > Effector > Response
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Which part of the CNS does a reflex arc avoid and why?
The brain because it provides an immediate response for survival as taking it to the brain would include decision making in which time you could be getting burnt by a flame or chased by a predator
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When you say 'ouch' when something hurts what is this an example of?
A modification to a simple reflex which is a learnt response controlled by new pathways in the brain with intermediate cells which stimulate motor cells in the muscles controlling speech
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List four reasons as to why the reflex arc is important
- Makes survival more likely - Involuntary and therefore doesn't require decisions to be made by the brain which allows more complex responses- Effective from birth and don't have to be learnt - Fast (synapses are the slowest link)
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Card 2

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What does CNS stand for?

Back

Central nervous system

Card 3

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What does the PNS consist of?

Back

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Card 4

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What does PNS stand for?

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Card 5

Front

What is the peripheral nervous system divided up in to?

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