101: The Chemical Components of Cells: Nucleic Acids 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCells, tissues and organsGCSENone Created by: Georgia SmithCreated on: 10-03-13 03:28 What are the monomers of a nucleic acid? Nucleotides 1 of 18 What three parts make up a nucleotide? A nitrogenous base, five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups 2 of 18 Why are nitrogenous bases so named? Because nitrogen atoms tend to take up H+ from solution 3 of 18 What is a pyrimidine? A nitrogenous base with one six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen 4 of 18 What is a purine? A nitrogenous base with a six-membered carbon and nitrogen ring fused to a five-membered ring 5 of 18 Name three pyrimidines: Cytosine, thymine and uracil 6 of 18 Name two purines: Adenine and guanine 7 of 18 Which nucleic acids swap in DNA and RNA? Thymine and uracil 8 of 18 How does deoxyribose differ from ribose? It lacks an oxygen atom on the second carbon 9 of 18 How are the carbons in the sugar differentiated from the carbons in the nitrogenous base? The carbons in the sugar have a prime (') after their number 10 of 18 In a nucleotide, where does the phosphate group attach? To the 5' carbon 11 of 18 What is the linkage called that links nucleotides? Phosphodiester 12 of 18 Which carbons are attached to the phosphates in a polynucleotide? 3' and 5' 13 of 18 Which way does a polynucleotide build? From 5' to 3' 14 of 18 Are RNA molecules usually straight or double helixed? Straight 15 of 18 The two strands of polynucleotides in DNA are... Antiparallel 16 of 18 How are the two polynucleotide strands of DNA held together? Hydrogen bonds 17 of 18 What does complementary mean? That each strand of DNA is a predictable counterpart of the other 18 of 18
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