Topic 4.1 - Breathing

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  • The respiratory system takes air into and out of the body so that oxygen from the air can diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide can diffuse out of it and into the air
  • The lungs are in the upper part of the body (thorax), protected by the ribcage and separated  from the rest of the body (abdomen) by the diaphragm

  • To inhale:
    • The intercostal muscles contract- pulling th eribcage upwards and outwards
    • Simultaneously the diaphragm muscles contract, causing it to flatten
      • These two movements cause an increase in the volume of the thorax
    • The consequent decrease in…

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