The Biological Explanation of Gender Development Essay Plan

[A01]

The role of chromosomes

Human have 23 pairs of chromosomes and it is the sex chromosomes which determine the sex of an individual (** for female, XY for males). Every foetus first develops female external genitalia and after 3 months the external and internal genitalia differentiate.

The role of hormones

Testosterone is produced in the adrenal glands in both sexes. More is produced in male foetuses which causes genitalia to develop. The surge of testosterone during puberty produces secondary sexual characteristics (e.g. deeper voice).

Oestrogen promotes secondary sexual characteristics in females and directs the menstrual cycle. Oxytocin is produced by both males and females but testosterone dampens its effect. It promotes feelings of bonding and contentment and has a big role in a woman's response to stress (tend and befriend).

Extra description (if time)

Klinefelter's syndrome (**Y)- affects 1/1000 males. They have reduced testosterone and are often infertile.

Turner's syndrome (XO)- affects 1/2000 females…