Strengthening Apartheid: Oppositional Forces

STATE OF EMERGENCY 1985:

• Use of extreme militant measures to maintain law and order

• Partial in ‘85 but full in ‘86

• Curfews, control of media coverage/censorship, deaths in police custody, arrests without trials, deployment of 8,000 SADF troops

• 30 organisations banned

• Effectively a dictatorship

ROLE OF THE UDF:

• School children boycotts

• Many militant groups

• Violent demonstrations

• Intimidation within communities

• Strikes increased rapidly

• Marches, protests, demonstrations

• COSAS created

• NECC formed

• Mass petition

UNREST IN TOWNSHIPS:

• Petrol bombs thrown

• Mass violence

• Increased unrest

• Attacks of police and SADF

• Aggressive enforcement of violence

• School boycotts

• Targeted by mobs

• Councillors were corrupt

• Targets for assassinations

ROLE OF THE ANC:

• 1 person, 1 vote

• Universal rights

• boycotts/strikes of shops

• Mass rallies/protests

• pictures/flags of ANC depicted

• Widespread use of ANC anthem

LEADERSHIP OF CHURCH:

• Desmond Tutu

• reintegration of black equality

ECONOMIC BOYCOTTS AND STRIKES:

• Pressures from businesses on regime

• Economic crisis due to strikes

• Boycotts of shops (90% of customers are black)

NP TOOL TO…