Proteins - amino acids, proteins, bonds and more.

Proteins

Proteins are made from long changes of amino acids

• a Dipeptide is formed when two amino acids join together
• a Polypeptide is formed when more than two amino acids join together
• Protein are made up of one or more polypeptides.

Amino acid and variation group

• All amino acids have the same general structure
• a carboxyl group (-COOH)
• an amino acid (-NH2) attached to a carbon atom
• The difference between the amino acids is the variable group (R) they contain.

Amino acids joined together by peptide bonds

• Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds - forming dipeptides and polypeptides
• A molecule of water is released during a reaction
• The reverse of this reaction - water molecule is added to beaked the peptide bonds. This is called a hydrolysis reaction.

Protein Structure

• Primary structure - sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
• Secondary structure - polypeptide chain doesn’t remain flat or straight. Hydrogen bonds form between the amino acids in the chain. Make it automatically coil into a alpha (α) helix or fold into a beta (β) pleated sheet.
• Tertiary Structure - coiled or folded chain of amino acids often coiled or folded…