Chemistry - Atomic Structure

Ionic Bonding

Occurs between metal and non-metal atoms. It involves the transfer of electrons to form ions.

Ionic compounds are giant lattices that are held together by strong forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. They have high melting/boiling points and when dissolved in water they form solutions where the ions can move. This means that they can conduct electricity even in molten ionic compounds.

Covalent Bonding

Occurs between non-metal atoms. It involves the sharing of electrons.

Simple Covalent Bonding: These molecules are formed from small numbers of atoms. They have strong covalent bonds between the atoms in each molecule. They have low melting/boiling points therefore they are usually gases at room temperature. They do not conduct electricity because they do not contain ions. They are insoluble in water.

Giant Covalent Bonding: These structures are formed from large numbers of atoms. They have strong covalent bonds and have high melting/boiling points. They do not conduct electricity (except for graphite) and are insoluble…