Behavioural Explanations for Phobias

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Classical conditioning:

  • Person lears to fear a previously neutral stimulus now the CS because it is paired with a frightening event UCS.

Two-process theory (Mower, 1947)

Phobia is maintained by operant conditioning:

  • Person learns that the fear is reuced by avoiding the stimulus

This is a two-factor theory because it incorporates both classical and operant conditioning, and is known as avoidance conditioning.

(http://blog.lib.umn.edu/meriw007/psy_1001/pavlov6.jpg)

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