Separation Techniques

1) Pour the solution into an evaporating dish.

2) Slowly heat the solution.

3) The solution should start to evaporate and form crystals.

4) Keep heating until only dry crystals are left.

1) Draw a line in pencil near the bottom of the chromatography paper.

2) Add a spot of the ink to the line and place the sheet in a beaker of solvent. The solvent should seep up the paper, taking the ink with it.

3) Each different dye in the ink will move up the paper at different rates, separating the dyes out. Each dye will form a spot on the paper.

4) When the solvent has almost reached the top of the paper, take it out and leave it to dry.

5) The end result is a pattern of spots called a chromatogram.

1) Pour the solution into an evaporating basin.

2) Gently heat the solution.

3) Once some of the liquid has evaporated and crystals start to form remove the basin from the heat and leave it to cool.

4) The salt should form crystals. 

1) Grind the mixture to ensure the salt crystals are small enough to dissolve easily. 

2) Put the mixture in water and stir it. The salt should dissolve leaving the rock.

3) Filter the mixture using filter paper and a funnel. The grains of sand will not fit through the paper so only the dissolved salt passes through. 

4) Evaporate the water from the salt so that the salt becomes crystals. 

1) Heat the solution. The part of the solution with the lowest boiling point will evaporate first.

2) The gas is then cooled, condensed and collected as a liquid.

3) The rest of the solution is left behind in the flask.

1) Heat the solution. The part of the solution with the lowest boiling point will evaporate first and be removed.

2) Raise the temperature.

3) The higher boiling points will then evaporate, separating them.