Separatism

When a group of people feel alienated, they might seek more autonomy. They might have a different language or culture or religion.

They feel remote from a central government and feel they do not recieve adequate support, particlarly with economic development.

Reasons For Separatist Pressures

• An area with a differnet language or culture
• A minority religious grouping
• Exploitation of local resources by national government producing little economic gain fro the region
• Peripheral location to the political core
• An area that is economically depressed compared to a weaker one.

• Vote in 2014, 52% No, 48% Yes
• Alex Salmond resigned letting Nicola Sturgeon take place
• Scottish parliament in Holyrood
• Peaceful method of showing want for more autonomy

Economic Reasons

• More than 90% of UK's oil revenue comes from the Scottish sector of the continental shelf
• Scotland has 25% of Europes wind and tidal capacity
• Want to tackle cycle of low economic growth

Accountability Reasons

• Would be accountable for the Scottish army (related to disagreement from illegal Iraq war)
• In charge of amount of aid they give via UN

Cultural Reason

• Be able to support and promote their culture more abley than an English government

• Basque region in the north of Spain and the south of France
• Franco ruled Spain until 1975, he executed and imprisioned 1000's of Basque nationalists
• In 1979, a Basque parliament was created (in Vitoria-Gasteiz)

ETA

• In 1958, ETA formed to fight for Basque autonomy
• Jan 2000, hundreds of thousands march in Madrid to show disapproval of ETA
• 2006, Madris airport car bomb
• 2006, declare ceasefire but attacks continue
• 800 deaths in total by ETA
• 5th September 2010, ETA declares new permanent ceasefire

Reasons

• People feel alienated from the rest of Spain after being suppressed for so long
• Different language (Euskara) and culture

• Capital city of Colombo (SW)
• Tamil Tigers in the North, fought to create an independant Tamil state, North felt isolated
• Began on 23rd of July 1983 with an intermittent insurgency against the government
• 60,000 estimated to have died as a direct result of the war

• In the 1790's Brits bought down Tamils from India to the north of Sri Lanka to produce tea
• The majority of Buddhist sinhalese resented the Brits who seemed to favour the Tamils
• Civil war erupted in 1980's
• Tamils carried out suicide bombings in Colombo (1990's)
• Sinhala Only Act passed leaving Sinhala as official language
• Tamils brought to Sri Lanka by the Brits were stripped of citizenship in 1949
• The Elephant Pass battle meant 170,000 Tamils fled the area

• There was massive unemployment because of the war
• The future of Sri Lanka is bleak as there is massive distrust and the Tamils still don't have autonomy