Psychopathology

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Definitions of Abnormalities

STATISTICAL INFREQUENCY

Abnormal behaviour that is rare/uncommon 

DEVIATION FROM SOCIAL NORMS 

Abnormal behaviour that goes against unwritten rules/expectations in a given society/culture

FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY

Abnormality judged as the inability to deal with the demands of everyday life

DEVIATION FROM IDEAL MENTAL HEALTH

Abnormality which fails to meet prescribed criteria for pschological normality/wellbeing

  • Jahoda (1958)
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Jahoda - 6 categories that define Mental Health 1

POSTIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS ONESELF

Having self-respect and a positive self attitude

SELF ACTULISATION

Experiencing personal growth and development acheiving potential and becoming everything one is capable of

AUTONOMY

Being independent, self-reliant and able to make personal decisions

RESISTING STRESS

Resisting and coping with stress by combining psychological wellbeing with personal growth

 

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Jahoda - 6 categories that define Mental Health 2

ACCURATE PERCEPTION OF REALITY

Perceiving the world without disortion, having an objective and realistic view

ENVIRONMENTAL MASTERY

Being competent in all aspects of life and able to meet the demands of any situation; Being Flexible

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Characteristics of Depression

EMOTIONAL

  • Lowered mood/self-esteem
  • Anger - at self and others
  • Delusions
  • Irrational thought processes

BEHAVIOURAL

  • Reduced/increased energy level - Withdrawl from everyday activities
  • Insomnia/hypersomnia
  • Increased/decreased appetite
  • Agression - at other/self harm

COGNITIVE

  • Poor concentration
  • Black and white thinking (good or bad)
  • Negative schemas - View of the world
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