psychology obedience

1963 - Yale

Aim: Under what conditions would people obey authoritive figures?

Method: 1) Advertised in newspapers - all participants were volunteers. 2) All then checked to see if they were "normal" people. 3) Milgram shocked Par.nts first to make them believe it was real. 4) Told Par.nts that it was a study about memory. 5) used an actor. 6) used prods on the part.nts

Results: 65% of the part.nts went to ***. then dealt with symptoms - shaking, vomiting, pos. PTSD. Nobody stopped until 285v

Ethics: 1) Decepted part.nts 4 times (Informed Consent). 2) Had backing from the Ethics board on first Exp but not others because he then rept 17x** knowing he was causing his part.nts pain. (Compitance). 3) best every debrief that we have seen and so 80% were then okay with his deception.

** Milgram tested out with Legitimacy and Proximity factors

Legitimacy factors and Proximity factors

Prox of Learner - how close you are in proximity of the person you are hurting. close to the person, eg. same room, means lower OB (and the other way)

Prox of Authority - how near the authoritive figure is to you. close to you, eg. same room, means higher OB (and the other way)

Legit of Authority - how authority is dressed, location of authority and what culture you are in

more likely to obey a dr. in a lab coat in Yale than a dr. in jeans at a doentown office. different cultures have different norms and values so will therefore how different views on a persived member of authority.