Physics - Physical Properties of Matter / Measurements / Density

** remember to add in diagrams later

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physical properties of matter

def: qualities that can be detected using our five senses / a measuring device. 

  • flexibilit ability to bend w/o breaking
  • hardness ability to withstand scratches (if an x is scratched by y, then y is harder than x) 
  • melting point temp @ which smth changes state fr solid to liq
  • boiling point  temp @ which smth changes state fr liq to gas 
  • thermal conductivity measure of how quickly heat passes through smth
  • electrical conductivity measure of how readily electricity passes through smth
  • density  quan. of matter packed into a unit vol of the mtrl (if an obj is put in a liq and it sinks, its density is > the density of the liq) 

things to consider when choosing a mtrl to make smth:

  • what purpose does the obj serve?
  • what physical properties does the obj need to have?
  • does the mtrl cost too much? 
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units of measurement**

SI units:

  • length m
  • mass  kg
  • temp  K (Kelvin)
  • time s 
  • volume  m3 [cm3, l, ml]

Other units:

  • density g/cm3 or kg/m3 
  • pressure  Pa (Pascal) or N/m2 or N/cm2 (depending on the qn)
  • force    N 
  • area   m2 or cm2 
  • energy/work  J 
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density

def.: the quantity of matter in a material packed into a unit volume of the material

formula: density = mass / volume

mass

  • amt of matter in an obj
  • does not change no matter where you go
  • measured in g or kg 

volume

  • amt of space an obj occupies
  • for the same amt of space a gas occupies, the vol may be diff bec gases are compressible
  • measured in l, ml, cm3 or m3

density question - z grams of x is mixed with w grams of y to obtain a mixture. the volume of this mixture is z cm3. find the density of the mixture. 

ans: total mass / total volume = density of the mixture

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