ICT SYSTEMS

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What is a CPU?

The Central Processing Unit performs all the instructions and calculations required for the computer to function.

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What is a Motherboard?

A motherboard is a printed circuit board (PCB) which holds all of the systems vital components, including the CPU.

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What is an input device?

Input devices allow users to enter data into a system. Examples include keyboards and scanners.

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What is an output device?

Output devices allow the system to transfer, or display (output) data. Examples include printers and monitors. 

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What is ROM?

Read Only Memory contains the commands that are designed to be read only, such as the system’s boot-up instructions. They are non-volatile, and not lost when the computer is switched off.

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What is RAM?

Random Access Memory holds the data needed by the programs currently in use.The data is stored in the memory temporarily (volatile) and lost when the computer is switched off.

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What is a User Interface?

A user interface is a way of interacting with a machine to make it work and give you the correct output.

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List 4 Types of User Interface

Any from:

- Command Line Interface

- Menu Interface

- Graphical User Interface

- Speech and Sound Interface

- Touch-sensitive interface

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What does WIMP stand for, and which User Interface

Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers. These are all features of a Graphical User Interface (GUI).

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State 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of using a GU

For positive, any from:

+ Simple to use, great for beginners.

+ No complicated commands to learn.

+ Usually an easily understood ‘help’ system.

+ Exchange data between different software programs.

For negative, any from:

- Take up a large amount of disk space.

- Require a lot more RAM to run than other interface types.

- They use more processing power than other user interfaces.

- They can be slow for experienced programmers to use, they find CLI much faster to use.

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What is a Command Line Interface? (CLI)

A command line interface uses simple commands typed by the user into a screen.

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State 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of using a CL

For positive, any from:

+ much faster than any other type of interface

needs much less memory (RAM)

+ does not use as much CPU processing time as others

+ A low resolution, cheaper monitor can be used with this type of interface

For negative, any from:

- If there is a spelling error the command will fail

- If you mis-type an instruction, it is often necessary to start from scratch again

- There are a large number of commands which need to be learned 

- You can't just guess what the instruction might be

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