factors and processes affecting land uses in Sunderland

• sector- 19th century housing developed south east of CBD following coastline and docks at Hendon
• zonal- inner city zone of high density , low quality housing on both sides of river- urban areas expanded off from CBD
• multi nucliei- 2 main industrial areas developed so more than one core developed in late 19th century

• expansion of city restricted due to proximity to coastline
• town bisected by river Wear- 2 sides developed separately until Wearmouth bridge was built in 1796

• industrialisation- leading to population growth (124,000 (1801)-146,000(1901)), economic boom and migrants flocking to city to find work in ship building, coal and glass industries
• deindustrialisation- shipbuilding ended in 1988 leaving deriliction along river
• regeneration- new jobs and land uses

                      - former industrial land of St. Peters wharf project- £55 million investment in luxury apartments, pubs, bars, clubs and restaurants

• suburban growth was low density with consequently rising living standards for middle class
• inter war period saw large numbers of semi detached and detached housing in districts such as Falwell and Grangetown
• urban generation- Echo project created 179 waterside apartments
• new stadium for sunderland FC was built
• sunderland enterprise park created and occupies 30ha of previously brownfield land

• during 1960's, local authorities tackled problems of housing shortages and slums by building large suburban council estates such as Pennywell

• regeneration- old industrial sites developed through schemes such as the St. Peters wharf project which invested £55million into developing luxury apartments, bars, pubs, clubs and restaurants

                     -the Echo project create 179 waterside apartments

• gentrification- new luxury apartments attact wealthier people to area bringing extra money to the area also