English Paper 1 Words

the error of making subjective responses the criteria for interpretive, critical or aesthetic judgements

a narrative which -through allusion, metaphor, symbolism etc.- can be read not simply on its own terms but also as telling another, quite different story simultaneously

a reference, direct or indirect, to another work of art, event etc.

when a word/phrase may be taken in more than one way

rhetorical figure whereby something inanimate is given attributes of life or spirit

refers to everything within a culture that asserts or assumes that the human is at the centre, be it of the universe, world or meaning of text

rhetorical figure whereby non-human is described in human terms

rhetorical figure for doubt

may arise when two or more contradictory messages may be found within a text

an impasse’ or site of undecideability

abrupt descent from elevated to commonplace

anti-climax

often a cause of humour reducing the elevated to the trivial

malapropism

misuse of language

Aristotle

end of tragedy

release of emotional tension arising from an experience of a paradoxical mixture of pity and terror, often leading to healing

rhetorical figure involving repetition and reversal

if you fail to plan, you plan to fail

where each of the two sides of a conceptual opposition (man/woman) (text/world) is shown to be reversible and paradoxically functioning and present in its opposite

ABCDCBA

words on the page rather than ideological/historical context, author biography or intent

New Criticism

ignores questions of the readers’ role in reading

concerned to expose ideological and political dimensions of texts

material conditions of production and reception

Shlovsky

denoting a perceived primary function of literary texts to make the familiar unfamiliar, renew the old etc.

use of words concerning place and time and time of utterance

this, here

a double or contradictory statement

this sentence is not true

desire for knowledge which literary texts produce in readers

dynamic of curiosity basis of all intellectual activity

similar to ambiguity, however the meaning cannot be resolved

reference to ways of perceiving people, culture etc. as having innate, natural or universal characteristics (as separate from environment)

the story

events of a narrative

exploring oft-marginalised tradition of female writing

challenge conventional notions of masculinity and femininity

stresses importance of form: as distinct from content, meaning, social history etc.

style, rhyme, narrative structure, verse-form

the theory of bible study

lately, the theory of interpretation

the variety of voices or languages within a text

starting the story in the middle of the action

starting the story from the beginning

the error of attempting to interpret literary texts by appealing to supposed authorial intention

theory that texts are ‘tissues of citations’, that every word refers to another text

a western attribute which puts meaning or words at the centre

basic trope where the name of an attribute of an object is given instead of the object itself

the pen is mightier than the sword

pen=writing
sword=conflict

apparently contradictory statement, apparently illogical or absurd but may be understood to be meaningful or true

word play

puns etc.

everything in a culture which asserts or assumes the phallus and associated patriarchy is at the centre

referring to everything in language or meaning which is phallocentric

quality of having several or many meanings

where a piece of writing refers to itself