English Language Grammar

A declarative sentence is defined as a sentence which is telling/giving information. It is marked with a full stop (.) at the end. 

An interrogative sentence is a sentene that is asking for information. They are marked with a questin mark (?). 

Imperative sentences are giving instructions. They are also marked with a full stop (.). 

Exclamatory sentences are set out to exclaim particularly important or shocking information. It is marked with an exclaimation mark (!). 

A verb is a doing word.

A noun is a person, place or thing

An adjective modifys a noun. 

A determiner modifys adjectives to show reference. 

An adverb modifys a verb. 

A preposition modifys a noun to describe its location. 

A conjunction is used to connect clauses or sentences. 

A pronoun is used to address a person. 

Modal Verbs, also known as modal auxiliary verbs, help other verbs in a sentence. 

Verb phrases are made up of main verbs and modal auxiliary verbs. The subject is doing one thing that is more than one word long. 

Verbs come in past or present tense. 

The simple tense includes an action that takes place once, never or several times, actions that happen one after the other or state. 

The progressive tense is an action going on at that moment or actions taking place at the same time. 

A common noun is the name given to a non-specific person or thing.

A proper noun refers to a specific person or thing and requires a capital letter. 

A collective noun is used for a collection of people or things. 

An abstract noun describes a concept, feeling or emotion.

A compound noun is a noun that has been created combing two words. 

A noun phrase may consist of more than one word and it can be modifyed by a determiner.

Comparative forms end in -er or are preceded by 'more'.

Superlatives end in -est or are preceded by 'most'. 

Compound adjectives are formed by two or more adjectives together. 

Other word classes can be used as adjectives such as nouns, perfective verbs and progressive verbs.

Descriptive adjectives simply provide information.

Evaluative adjectives describe things in a way that also provides a judgement about them.

Emotive adjectives are intended to provoke an emotional response from the audience. 

Determiners go before a noun phrase. They can be the indefinite article (a/an) or definite article (the)

Article: a, an, the.

Demonstratives: this, that, these, those, which.

Possessives: my, your, our, their, his, her 

Quantifiers: few, no, much, each, every, some, any.

WH-determiners: whose, what, which.

Cardinal numbers: one, two, three

Ordinal numbers: first, second, third. 

Consonance is the repetition of internal consonant sounds.

Assonance is the repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds.

Jargon is specialist volcabulary for a particular subject or profession. 

A euphanism is a common saying with a fixed meaning. 

Neologism is the deliberate creation of a new word.

Idioms rely on the pragmatic understanding of the audience. 

Apposition is when two or more nouns or noun phrases are next to eachother but refer to the same thing.