Edexcel GCSE Science Unit P2 Physics for your future

the structure of the atom, limited to the position, mass and charge of protons, neutrons and electrons.

             the material gaining electrons becomes negatively charged and the material losing electrons is left with an equal positive charge.       like charges repel and unlike charges attract.         A common electrostatic phenomena in terms of movement of electrons, including:

 a) shocks from everyday objects                         b) lightning

 c) attraction by induction such as a charged balloon attracted to a wall and a charged comb picking up small pieces of paper

 earthing removes excess charge by movement of electrons.

the uses of electrostatic charges in everyday situations, including paint and insecticide sprayers.

some of the dangers of electrostatic charges in everyday situations, including fuelling aircraft and tankers together with the use of earthing to prevent the build-up of charge and danger arising.

 an electric current is the rate of flow of charge.

 the current in metals is a flow of electrons.

 use the equation:

         charge (coulomb, C) = current (ampere, A) x time (second, s)

                   Q = I x t

cells and batteries supply direct current (d.c.).

direct current (d.c.) is movement of charge in one direction only.