The OS manages the resources of it's hardware which commonly includes a processor, RAM, backing store and input/output devices. All these devices are used in different ways.
Processor
The processor manages memory read/write, control signals, scheduling while the OS ensures that those tasks appear to run simultaneously. The processor also ensures that program don't interfere with each other and crash. The OS also manages interrupts.
RAM
The operating system will manage operations memory read or write. The OS also makes sure that all data stored in memory is in the correct address in memory and keeping track of free memory locations. In the cases where virtual memory is needed, the OS will manage it. The OS also insures that data stored does not overlap and memory space is allocated appropriatley in memory.
Backing Store
The OS makes sure data can be retrived from any disk drive and creates and maintains a filing system of blocks and organised into a hierarchical directory structure.
Input / Ouput Devices
The OS will manage any data received and interpret it. The OS also manages data being outputed to the correct peripheral at the correct time.
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